The Society for the Mitigation and Gradual Abolition of Slavery Throughout the British Dominions was founded in 1823, with the aim of abolishing slavery in the British Empire. This objective was substantially achieved in 1838 under the terms of the Slavery Abolition Act 1833. It was known as the London Anti-Slavery Society during 1838 before ceasing to exist in that year and was commonly referred to as the Anti-Slavery Society.
A successor organisation, the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society, also commonly known as the Anti-Slavery Society, was formed in 1839 by English Quaker and activist Joseph Sturge to fight for global abolition of slavery. Through mergers and name changes, it is now known as Anti-Slavery International.
Background
The elimination of slavery throughout the world was frequently in the mind of early abolitionists. The committee which established the Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade in 1787 campaigned for an end to the transatlantic slave trade from Western Africa to the New World, a trade then dominated by Britain.
The Slave Trade Act 1807 made the trade illegal in the British Empire, but brought no change to the condition of enslaved people. Following this, British abolitionists turned their attention to abolishing slavery itself, first in British colonies, and later in the US and the colonies of other European powers (e.g., in South America), and in parts of the world where it had long been legal, such as in the Middle East, Africa, and China.
History
The Society for the Mitigation and Gradual Abolition of Slavery Throughout the British Dominions, also known as the Anti-Slavery Society, was founded on 31 January 1823, with a meeting of men met at the King's Head tavern in London. The society was also referred to as the Society for Mitigating and Gradually Abolishing the State of Slavery Throughout the British Dominions, the London Society for the Mitigation and Abolition of Slavery in the British Dominions, the Society for the Abolition of Slavery Throughout the British Dominions, and other variations, but has been commonly referred to as the Anti-Slavery Society. It was known as the London Anti-Slavery Society during 1838, before ceasing to exist. Thomas Fowell Buxton, Zachary Macaulay (like Wilberforce, a member of the Anglican evangelical group known as the Clapham Sect), MP James Stephen, businessman and philanthropist James Cropper, Quaker banker and philanthropist Samuel Gurney, and Thomas Babington Macaulay. Thomas Pringle was secretary, and others who became involved with the society or who supported it included radical MP and dissenter William Smith; the Whig lawyers Henry Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux, Thomas Denman, 1st Baron Denman, the judge Stephen Lushington, and James Mackintosh; Quaker scientists William Allen and Luke Howard; and Irish political leader Daniel O'Connell. It too became widely known as the Anti-Slavery Society.
Publications
From 1825, the society published the Anti-Slavery Monthly Reporter under the editorship of Zachary Macaulay. Its name changed to The Anti-Slavery Reporter in August 1830, and continued publication under the auspices of the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society from 1839.
See also
- American Anti-Slavery Group
- Brazilian Anti-Slavery Society
References
Further reading
- – Covers earlier and later anti-slavery societies.