Amused to Death

Amused to Death is the third studio album by the English singer-songwriter Roger Waters, released on 7 September 1992 by Columbia Records. Produced by Waters and Patrick Leonard, it was mixed in QSound to enhance its spatial feel. The album features Jeff Beck on lead guitar on several tracks. The album's title was inspired by Neil Postman's 1985 book Amusing Ourselves to Death.

In 2015, the album was remixed and re-released with new artwork and in different formats, including a new 5.1 surround sound mix by original engineer James Guthrie, assisted by Joel Plante.

Background and production

Roger Waters started working on Amused to Death in 1987 when he first wrote "Perfect Sense." It was several years before the album was released.

Amused to Death was produced by Waters and Patrick Leonard, with co-production by Nick Griffiths. It was recorded in London at The Billiard Room, Olympic Studios, CTS Studios, Angel Recording Studios and Abbey Road Studios. The album was engineered by Hayden Bendall, Jerry Jordan, and Stephen McLaughlan and mixed by James Guthrie. The album is mixed in QSound to enhance the spatial feel of the audio, and the many sound effects on the album – rifle range ambience, sleigh-bells, cars, planes, distant horses, chirping crickets, and dogs – all make use of the 3-D facility.

Themes

thumb|left|upright=0.9|The album centers around the effects of televised mass media.

The album is loosely organized around the idea of an ape randomly switching channels on a television, – to whom the album is dedicated – severely wounded on the battlefield during the Second Battle of Arras. After failed attempts to take him to safety, Razzell is forced to abandon him in no man's land. The tale is continued at the end of the title track, at the very end of the album, providing a coda to the tragic story, with Razzell describing how he finally found peace. The excerpts are from BBC Television's 1991 Everyman documentary, "A Game of Ghosts", marking the 75th anniversary of the start of the Battle of the Somme. "I found it very moving," Waters remarked. "That original programme confronted the horrors of war and told the real story. It was an example of television taking its responsibilities seriously." The opening track also features the sound of several animals.

The second song, "What God Wants, Part I", follows and contrasts the moving words of Razzell by opening with the TV being tuned instead into an excerpt of a child who says, "I don't mind about the war. That's one of the things I like to watch – if it's a war going on. 'Cos then I know if, um, our side's winning, if our side's losing..." he is then interrupted by the channel being changed and a burst of ape-chatter.

"Perfect Sense" is a two-part song about a world where live transmissions of wars are the main form of entertainment. In "Sheep" Waters sings, "I've looked over Jordan and I have seen, things are not what they seem"; in "The Bravery of Being Out of Range" he sings "I looked over Jordan and what did I see? I saw a U.S. Marine in a pile of debris."

"Late Home Tonight, Part I", which opens with the song of a Eurasian skylark, recalls the 1986 US air strike against Libya from the perspective of two "ordinary wives" and a young American F-111 pilot. The lyrics about "when you take the jeans from the refrigerator" reference a 1985 Levi's 501 commercial.

At the beginning of "What God Wants, Part II" Charles Fleischer (better known as the voice of Roger Rabbit) performs the greedy teleevangelist's sermon. The lyrics about God wanting silver, gold and "his secret never to be told" reference the nursery rhyme, One for Sorrow. "What God Wants, Part III" musically references the Pink Floyd songs "Shine On You Crazy Diamond (Part I)", "Echoes" and "Breathe (In the Air)". It ends with an audio clip of Tom Bromley, an elderly WWI veteran, singing "Wait 'Till the Sun Shines, Nellie" a capella. The clip is also from "A Game of Ghosts". The same song features a sample from the 1977 low-budget zombie film Shock Waves in which the film's characters wrestle over a flashlight. The title track begins with the lyric, "Doctor, Doctor". "Take Up Thy Stethoscope and Walk" on The Piper at the Gates of Dawn, the first song written by Waters, opens with the same line.

HAL samples

Waters stated in a Rockline interview on February 8, 1993, that he had wanted to use dialogue samples from 2001: A Space Odyssey on the album, specifically HAL 9000's 'dying' monologue. Stanley Kubrick, the film's director, turned him down on the basis that it would open the door to many other people using the sound sample. Others think that Kubrick refused because Pink Floyd had not allowed him to use music from Atom Heart Mother in his film A Clockwork Orange. Waters did use the samples of HAL describing his mind being taken away when performing live – specifically at the beginning of "Perfect Sense, Part I" during his In the Flesh tour, after Kubrick's death, and it was finally incorporated into the Amused to Death album for the 2015 remaster / remix release.

Title

The album's title was inspired by Neil Postman's book Amusing Ourselves to Death. In Postman's later book The End of Education, he remarks on the album:

Packaging

The album's original artwork features a chimpanzee watching television in reference to Kubrick's film 2001: A Space Odyssey.

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AllMusic described the album as "a masterpiece in the sense that it brings together all of his obsessions in one grand, but not unwieldy, package".

Legacy

Waters told Classic Rock: "My view is that I've been involved in two absolutely classic albums – The Dark Side of the Moon and The Wall [...] And if you haven't got Amused to Death, you haven't got the full set. So this album <nowiki>[</nowiki>In the Flesh – Live] – the live one, which pulls together songs from all three albums – hopefully redresses the balance." On 19 September 2013, Waters told BBC HardTalk that Amused to Death has been completely underrated.

On 15 April 2015, Waters announced that the album would be remastered and reissued on 24 July 2015 featuring a new 5.1 multichannel audio mix, as well as a new stereo mix. It was made available in a number of formats, including CD, SACD, Blu-ray and high-resolution downloads. In a review of the 2015 remastering of the album, journalist J.C. Maçek III of Spectrum Culture wrote that "Not every album can be a masterpiece, but Waters has stated that Amused to Death is an underrated effort that serves as a third part to Dark Side of the Moon and The Wall. But it's nowhere near those other albums. The 2015 remastering makes it a good sounding album, but it's just not the kind of infinitely listenable album that Waters is capable of creating."

Track listing

All songs written by Roger Waters.

Personnel

Roger Waters – vocals (tracks 2–14), bass guitar (2 intro, 13), EMU synthesiser (2, 4), acoustic guitar (11, 14), twelve-string guitar (5)
Patrick Leonard – keyboards (1–5, 8–14), percussion programming (1), choir arrangement (2, 9–11, 13), 2nd sportscaster voice (4), Hammond organ (5, not on 2015 reissue), synthesisers (5, 13), acoustic piano (11, 13)
Jeff Beck – guitar (1, 11, 13) solo guitar (2, 5 (2015 reissue only), 10, 12, 14)
Andy Fairweather Low – electric rhythm guitar (2, 9, 12) acoustic rhythm guitar (2, 9), guitars (6, 7), Rickenbacker 12-string guitar (8, 12), acoustic guitar (11)
Tim Pierce – guitar (2, 5, 9, 12)
Geoff Whitehorn – guitar (2, 8, 10, 14)
B.J. Cole – pedal steel guitar (3, 4)
Rick DiFonzo – guitar (3, 4)
Steve Lukather – guitar (3, 4, 8)
Bruce Gaitsch – acoustic guitar (3, 4)
David Paich – Hammond organ (5, 2015 reissue only)
John "Rabbit" Bundrick – Hammond organ (12)
Steve Sidwell – cornet (6, 7)
Randy Jackson – bass (2, 9)
Jimmy Johnson – bass (3–4, 6–8, 10, 12–14)
John Pierce – bass guitar (5)
John Patitucci – upright bass, electric bass (11)
Guo Yi & the Peking Brothers – dulcimer, lute, zhen, oboe, bass (11)
Graham Broad – drums (2–4, 6–10, 12, 14), percussion (6, 7)
Denny Fongheiser – drums (5)
Jeff Porcaro – drums (13)
Brian Macleod – snare (3, 4), hi-hat (3, 4)
Luis Conte – percussion (1, 3–4, 6–8, 10, 12)
John Dupree – strings arranger and conductor (3, 4)
National Philharmonic Orchestra Limited – orchestra (7, 8)
Michael Kamen – orchestral arranger and conductor (7, 8)
Alf Razzell – speech (1, 14)
London Welsh Chorale – choir (2, 10, 11, 13)
Kenneth Bowen – choir conductor (2, 10, 11, 13)
Katie Kissoon – backing vocals (2, 8, 9, 12, 14)
Doreen Chanter – backing vocals (2, 8, 9, 12, 14)
N'Dea Davenport – backing vocals (2)
Natalie Jackson – backing vocals (2, 5)
P.P. Arnold – vocals (3, 4)
Marv Albert – sportscaster voice (4)
Lynn Fiddmont-Linsey – backing vocals (5)
Jessica Leonard, Jordan Leonard – screaming kids (8)
Charles Fleischer – TV evangelist speech (9)
Don Henley – vocals (11)
Jon Joyce – backing vocals (13)
Stan Farber (credited as Stan Laurel) – backing vocals (13)
Jim Haas – backing vocals (13)
Rita Coolidge – vocals (14)

Production

Roger Waters – production
Patrick Leonard – production
Nick Griffiths – co-producer
Hayden Bendall – engineering
Jerry Jordan – engineering
Stephen McLaughlin – engineering
James Guthrie – mixing

Charts

Original release

{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;"

! scope="col"| Chart (1992)

! scope="col"| Position

!scope="row"|UK Albums Chart

!scope="row"|US Billboard 200

|21

2015 reissue

{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;"

! scope="col"| Chart (2015)

! scope="col"| Position

!scope="row"|Dutch Albums Chart

!scope="row"|German Albums Chart

!scope="row"|UK Albums Chart