Alton is a town in Belknap County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 5,894 at the 2020 census, It is home to Alton Bay State Forest and Mount Major State Forest.

The primary settlement in town, where 499 people resided at the 2020 census, is defined by the U.S. Census Bureau as the Alton census-designated place (CDP) and is centered on the intersection of New Hampshire Route 11 and New Hampshire Route 140. The town also includes the village of Alton Bay, a long-time resort located beside Lake Winnipesaukee.

History

Originally called "New Durham Gore" because of rocky upland areas, or "gores", the town was settled in 1770, mainly by farmers because the highland areas provided less frost. Merchants then filled the lowlands. Early Alton history recounts stories of the merchants trying to convince the farmers to incorporate. They would succeed on January 15, 1796, when the community was named after Alton, a small market town in Hampshire, England.

Alton was part of Strafford County until Belknap County was erected on December 22, 1840. By 1840, the village of Alton existed at the town's center. In 1847, the Cochecho Railroad began bringing passengers and freight to Alton Village and Alton Bay. By 1859, the town had two gristmills, seven sawmills, and five shoe factories.

Since the mid-19th century, however, tourism has been the principal business. In 1863, an Adventist group held a camp meeting at Alton Bay, which was the terminus of the Dover and Winnipiseogee Railroad. In 1872, the Boston & Maine Railroad launched at Alton Bay the steamer Mount Washington, the first side-wheeler and largest vessel on Lake Winnipesaukee. When destroyed by fire in 1939, a replacement ship was found, also christened Mount Washington. Today, it continues to carry summer tourists between stops on the lake. The railway survived until 1935, and the old station at Alton Bay is now a community center.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which are land and are water, comprising 23.4% of the town.

The town is served by five state highways. New Hampshire Route 11 passes through the center of town, leading northwest along the shore of Lake Winnipesaukee to Gilford and thence to Laconia, and southeast to Rochester. New Hampshire Route 28 also passes through the center of town, leading north to Wolfeboro and south to Pittsfield and Manchester. New Hampshire Route 140 leads from Alton west to Gilmanton and Tilton. New Hampshire Route 11A leaves NH 11 in West Alton and goes west into Gilford, and New Hampshire Route 28A forms an alternate route north from Alton Bay to NH 28.

Adjacent municipalities

  • Wolfeboro (north)
  • New Durham (east)
  • Barnstead (south)
  • Gilmanton (southeast)
  • Gilford (west)
  • Tuftonboro (northwest)

Demographics

As of the census of 2010, there were 5,250 people, 2,145 households, and 1,511 families residing in the town. There were 4,281 housing units, of which 2,136, or 49.9%, were vacant. 1,928 of the vacant units were for seasonal use. The racial makeup of the town was 98.4% white, 0.1% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.04% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, 0.2% some other race, and 0.9% from two or more races. 1.1% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 2,145 households, 28.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.0% were headed by married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.6% were non-families. 22.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.5% were someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45, and the average family size was 2.87.

Government

thumb|left|Alton Town Hall

In the New Hampshire Senate, Alton is in the 6th District, represented by Republican James Gray. In the New Hampshire House of Representatives, Alton is in the Belknap 5th district, represented by Republicans Paul Terry and Peter Varney. On the Executive Council of New Hampshire, Alton is in the 1st District, represented by Republican Joseph Kenney. In the United States House of Representatives, Alton is in New Hampshire's 1st congressional district, represented by Democrat Chris Pappas.

Alton is served by a full-time police department and a combination full-time and on-call fire/rescue department which also provides ambulance services for the town.

Education

Alton is home to the Prospect Mountain High School.

Sites of interest

  • Alton Historical Society & Museum
  • Harold S. Gilman Museum
  • Alton Bay, with an arcade, mini-golf, ice cream shop, multiple areas to eat, a marina, and other attractions
  • New Hampshire Historical Marker No. 164: Alton Bay Transportation Center
  • New Hampshire Historical Marker No. 288: The Alton Bay Water Bandstand

Historic photos

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Image:Steamboat Landing, Alton Bay, NH.jpg|Steamer landing in 1905

Image:View of Advent Grove, Alton Bay, NH.jpg|Advent Grove in 1910

Image:Boarding & Dining Buildings, Alton Bay Camp Grounds.jpg|Boarding house in 1907

Image:Alton Bay and Lake Winnipesaukee, Alton Bay, NH.jpg|Alton Bay and Lake Winnipesaukee in 1905

</gallery>

Notable people

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  • Joel Bean (1825–1914), founder of Beanite Quakerism
  • George Franklin Drew (1827–1900), 12th governor of Florida
  • James B. French (1857–1932), member of the Wisconsin State Assembly
  • Florence Holway (1915–2012), rape victim, subject of a 2003 HBO documentary
  • Steve Leach (born 1966), right wing with seven NHL teams
  • Don Sweeney (born 1966), defenseman with the Boston Bruins and Dallas Stars

References

  • New Hampshire Economic and Labor Market Information Bureau Profile
  • Gilman Library, the town library