Agave fourcroydes or henequen is a species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, in the Canary and Cayman Islands, Hispaniola, the Lesser Antilles, and Cuba, and in Costa Rica.

Overview

The leaves of Agave fourcroydes yield a fiber also called henequen, which is suitable for rope and twine but not of as high a quality as sisal. It is the major plantation fiber agave of eastern Mexico, being grown extensively in Yucatán, Veracruz, and Tamaulipas. It is also used to make , a traditional Mexican alcoholic drink.

The plant appears as a rosette of sword-shaped leaves meters long, growing out of a thick stem that may reach 1.7 meters (5 ft). The leaves have regularly spaced teeth 3–6 mm long and a terminal spine 2–3 cm long.

Like sisal, A.fourcroydes is a sterile hybrid; the ovaries never produce seeds. The plant does produce bulbils that may be planted, but commercial growers prefer to use the frequent suckers, which develop more quickly.

The first person of Spanish descent to document the plant and its usefulness for ropes and other naval utensils was José María Lanz, a Mexican-born engineer in service of the Spanish Navy, who studied henequen in Yucatán in 1783.

In mezcal

Henequen, like other species of agave, is used in the production of mezcal.

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Image:Henequen.jpg|Henequen farm in Yucatán Peninsula.

File:Henequenharvesting-yucatan-1922.jpg|Henequen being harvested in 1922 for pulp to make paper.

Agave fourcroydes 144-8746.jpg

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See also

  • Henequen industry in Yucatán
  • International Year of Natural Fibres 2009

References

Further reading

  • Reprinted in
  • Henequen-growing Haciendas in the Yucatan