The 35th century BC in the Near East sees the gradual transition from the Chalcolithic to the Early Bronze Age. Proto-writing enters transitional stage, developing towards writing proper. Wheeled vehicles are now known beyond Mesopotamia, having spread north of the Caucasus and to Europe.
Cultures
thumb|alt=EA 32751|The head of EA 32751 ("Ginger") showing the preserved hair. Photo taken in 2011.
- Susa (Iran since 7000 BC)
- Uruk period (Sumer)
- Naqada IIb (Ancient Egypt)
- Early Minoan I
- Sredny Stog culture (final phase)
- Yamna culture (early phase)
- Cucuteni culture
- Vinča culture
- Megalithic Europe (Atlantic fringe)
- Nuragic civilization (Sardinia)
- Comb Ceramic culture
- Funnelbeaker culture
- Yangshao culture
Artifacts
Only approximate dating is usually possible for mid-4th millennium artifacts.
- Kish tablet
- Bronocice pot
- Ginger (mummy)
- Knap of Howar
Events
- The Sahara desert starts to form from semi-arid savannah, through desertification.
- c. 3500 BC: First known zoo at Hierakonpolis.
- c. 3400 BC: Sumerian temple record keepers redesign the stamp seal in the form of a cylinder.
- c. 3500 BC: Pictographic proto-writing starts developing towards writing proper in Sumer, thus starting what is technically considered history.
- c. 3500 BC: The first monument of which there is still a trace () is built on the Hill of Tara, the ancient seat of the High King of Ireland.
- c. 3500 BC: Tin is discovered.
- c. 3500 BC: The Eruption of Mount Isarog in the Philippines.
- c. 3500 BC: The Sumerians develop a logographic script, cuneiform
- c. 3484 BC: The oldest estimated germination of Alerce Milenario with more conservative dates of only ‘c.1653 BC’.