The 1989 San Marino Grand Prix (formally the IX Gran Premio Kronenbourg di San Marino) was a Formula One motor race held at the Imola circuit on 23 April 1989. It was the second race of the 1989 Formula One season. The race was overshadowed by Gerhard Berger's massive accident at Tamburello corner. The race was stopped for one hour and restarted. The race was won by Ayrton Senna who started from pole position.
The Grand Prix had a total of 39 entrants, the largest amount in Formula One history. This record was equalled in the following 14 races of the season but, as of 2024, it has not been broken.
Background
The event, officially titled the Gran Premio Kronenbourg di San Marino, was held at the Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari in the Italian town of Imola, with free and qualifying practice sessions held on Friday 21 April and Saturday 22 April and a warm-up session and the main Grand Prix race held on Sunday 23 April 1989.
Pre-qualifying classification
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"
|-
! Pos
! No
! Driver
! Constructor
! Time
! Gap
|-
! 1
| 8
| Stefano Modena
| Brabham-Judd
| 1:27.350
|
|-
! 2
| 7
| Martin Brundle
| Brabham-Judd
| 1:28.197
| +0.747
|-
! 3
| 21
| Alex Caffi
| Dallara-Ford
| 1:29.346
| +1.996
|-
! 4
| 17
| Nicola Larini
| Osella-Ford
| 1:29.787
| +2.437
|-
! 5
| 37
| Bertrand Gachot
| Onyx-Ford
| 1:30.384
| +3.034
|-
! 6
| 33
| Gregor Foitek
| EuroBrun-Judd
| 1:30.620
| +3.270
|-
! 7
| 18
| Piercarlo Ghinzani
| Osella-Ford
| 1:30.631
| +3.281
|-
! 8
| 36
| Stefan Johansson
| Onyx-Ford
| 1:30.647
| +3.297
|-
! 9
| 41
| Joachim Winkelhock
| AGS-Ford
| 1:32.071
| +4.721
|-
! 10
| 32
| Pierre-Henri Raphanel
| Coloni-Ford
| 1:32.267
| +4.917
|-
! 11
| 35
| Aguri Suzuki
| Zakspeed-Yamaha
| 1:32.287
| +4.937
|-
! 12
| 34
| Bernd Schneider
| Zakspeed-Yamaha
| 1:32.855
| +5.485
|-
! 13
| 39
| Volker Weidler
| Rial-Ford
| 1:36.480
| +9.130
|-
|}
Qualifying report
The only change to the entry list for the San Marino Grand Prix was the arrival of Gabriele Tarquini in the second car of the small AGS team, which had only run one car in Brazil after Philippe Streiff had suffered career ending injuries in pre-season testing. A record 39 cars were entered for the Grand Prix, although only 26 were allowed to start the race.
After their defeat in Brazil, McLaren spent eight days testing at Imola prior to the San Marino Grand Prix. According to Ayrton Senna, they tested everything on the McLaren MP4/5, including aerodynamics, suspension, brakes and fuel consumption. It worked for Senna and Alain Prost, as they locked out the front row and were over 1.5 seconds faster than the Ferrari of Nigel Mansell. Riccardo Patrese showed his and Williams' revival with fourth on the grid followed by Gerhard Berger (Ferrari) with Thierry Boutsen rounding out the top six.
At Tyrrell, Michele Alboreto failed to qualify for a race for the first time since the 1981 German Grand Prix, in the new Tyrrell 018. Only one 018 was available, and although teammate Jonathan Palmer managed to sneak onto the grid in 25th in the older model 017, he raced the 018.
Qualifying classification
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%;"
|-
! Pos
! No
! class="unsortable"|Driver
! class="unsortable"|Constructor
! Q1
! Q2
! class="unsortable"|Gap
|-
! 1
| 1
| Ayrton Senna
| McLaren-Honda
| 1:42.939
| 1:26.010
|
|-
! 2
| 2
| Alain Prost
| McLaren-Honda
| 1:44.538
| 1:26.235
| +0.225
|-
! 3
| 27
| Nigel Mansell
| Ferrari
| 1:49.665
| 1:27.652
| +1.642
|-
! 4
| 6
| Riccardo Patrese
| Williams-Renault
| 1:47.486
| 1:27.920
| +1.910
|-
! 5
| 28
| Gerhard Berger
| Ferrari
| 1:42.781
| 1:28.089
| +2.079
|-
! 6
| 5
| Thierry Boutsen
| Williams-Renault
| 1:49.451
| 1:28.308
| +2.298
|-
! 7
| 19
| Alessandro Nannini
| Benetton-Ford
| 1:45.536
| 1:28.854
| +2.844
|-
! 8
| 11
| Nelson Piquet
| Lotus-Judd
| 1:48.124
| 1:29.057
| +3.047
|-
! 9
| 21
| Alex Caffi
| Dallara-Ford
| 1:48.868
| 1:29.069
| +3.059
|-
! 10
| 26
| Olivier Grouillard
| Ligier-Ford
| 1:47.371
| 1:29.104
| +3.094
|-
! 11
| 23
| Pierluigi Martini
| Minardi-Ford
| 1:47.321
| 1:29.152
| +3.142
|-
! 12
| 9
| Derek Warwick
| Arrows-Ford
| 1:47.859
| 1:29.281
| +3.271
|-
! 13
| 16
| Ivan Capelli
| March-Judd
| 1:48.178
| 1:29.385
| +3.375
|-
! 14
| 17
| Nicola Larini
| Osella-Ford
| 1:47.577
| 1:29.485
| +3.475
|-
! 15
| 24
| Luis Pérez-Sala
| Minardi-Ford
| 1:46.800
| 1:29.503
| +3.493
|-
! 16
| 22
| Andrea de Cesaris
| Dallara-Ford
| 1:53.681
| 1:29.669
| +3.659
|-
! 17
| 8
| Stefano Modena
| Brabham-Judd
| 1:48.415
| 1:29.761
| +3.751
|-
! 18
| 40
| Gabriele Tarquini
| AGS-Ford
| 1:48.795
| 1:29.913
| +3.903
|-
! 19
| 15
| Maurício Gugelmin
| March-Judd
| 1:52.119
| 1:30.163
| +4.153
|-
! 20
| 30
| Philippe Alliot
| Lola-Lamborghini
| 2:00.293
| 1:30.168
| +4.158
|-
! 21
| 10
| Eddie Cheever
| Arrows-Ford
| 1:45.375
| 1:30.233
| +4.223
|-
! 22
| 7
| Martin Brundle
| Brabham-Judd
| 1:46.279
| 1:30.271
| +4.261
|-
! 23
| 20
| Johnny Herbert
| Benetton-Ford
| 2:05.126
| 1:30.347
| +4.337
|-
! 24
| 12
| Satoru Nakajima
| Lotus-Judd
| 1:46.483
| 1:30.697
| +4.687
|-
! 25
| 3
| Jonathan Palmer
| Tyrrell-Ford
| 1:51.229
| 1:30.928
| +4.918
|-
! 26
| 29
| Yannick Dalmas
| Lola-Lamborghini
| 1:58.083
| 1:31.137
| +5.127
|-
! 27
| 4
| Michele Alboreto
| Tyrrell-Ford
| 1:51.329
| 1:31.206
| +5.196
|-
! 28
| 25
| René Arnoux
| Ligier-Ford
| 1:48.091
| 1:31.268
| +5.258
|-
! 29
| 38
| Christian Danner
| Rial-Ford
| 1:47.967
| 1:31.341
| +5.331
|-
! 30
| 31
| Roberto Moreno
| Coloni-Ford
| 1:50.947
| 1:31.775
| +5.765
|-
|}
Race
Start and lap 4 accident (red flag)
At the start, Ayrton Senna got away well but behind him Alain Prost found himself just ahead of Nigel Mansell's Ferrari but the Englishman could not find his way around Prost's McLaren. Mansell fell off a little after that and found himself battling with Riccardo Patrese while on the second lap Ivan Capelli had a nasty accident in his March. On lap four, fifth-placed Gerhard Berger's Ferrari speared off the track at the fast Tamburello corner due to a mechanical failure. Berger hit the wall at an estimated 180 mph and when his car came to a rest it was covered in fuel and it immediately burst into flames. Three fire marshalls (Bruno Miniati, Paolo Verdi and Gabriele Violi) arrived on foot sixteen seconds after impact and the fire was put out ten seconds later; the fuel had also burned up in the inferno. The race was red-flagged and Berger escaped with broken ribs and second-degree burns.
Race restart and conclusion
The race was restarted after half an hour and run a further 55 laps on aggregate timing. This time Prost got away much better and got past Senna while behind them Mansell made a poor start and fell behind Patrese and Alessandro Nannini. On the run-down to the Tosa hairpin Senna got alongside Prost into Villeneuve and out-braked him into Tosa. The McLarens proceeded to pull away from the competition while behind them there was more drama as Stefano Modena put his Brabham into the wall rather violently, escaping unhurt. Olivier Grouillard was disqualified on Lap 5 for his car being illegally worked on by his team during the one-hour delay.
As the McLarens pulled away Mansell, Patrese, and Nannini were busy fighting over third place. It was settled in the space of three laps as Patrese retired with a timing belt failure and Mansell followed shortly afterwards with a gearbox problem. This left Nannini in third while up front Senna cruised home to victory from Prost who, in his pursuit of Senna, had suffered a spin on lap 42 at Variante Bassa. Nannini led home Thierry Boutsen, Derek Warwick in the Arrows and Jonathan Palmer in the Tyrrell. Olivier Grouillard was disqualified because Ligier illegally repaired his car on the grid before the second start. Thierry Boutsen and Alex Caffi were initially disqualified after a protest from Ligier because they had changed tyres in the pitlane before the second start, but were reinstated following an appeal.
The Prost/Senna war began to build up speed after the Frenchman said that McLaren had a pre-race agreement that whoever led into the first turn should stay there, which was ironically suggested by Senna. In Prost's view, Senna had broken this agreement by passing him partway round the first lap after the restart.
Race classification
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"
|-
! Pos
! No
! Driver
! Constructor
! Laps
! Time/Retired
! Grid
! Points
|-
! 1
| 1
| Ayrton Senna
| McLaren-Honda
| 58
| 1:26:51.245
| 1
| 9
|-
! 2
| 2
| Alain Prost
| McLaren-Honda
| 58
| + 40.225
| 2
| 6
|-
! 3
| 19
| Alessandro Nannini
| Benetton-Ford
| 57
| + 1 lap
| 7
| 4
|-
! 4
| 5
| Thierry Boutsen
| Williams-Renault
| 57
| + 1 lap
| 6
| 3
|-
! 5
| 9
| Derek Warwick
| Arrows-Ford
| 57
| + 1 lap
| 12
| 2
|-
! 6
| 3
| Jonathan Palmer
| Tyrrell-Ford
| 57
| + 1 lap
| 25
| 1
|-
! 7
| 21
| Alex Caffi
| Dallara-Ford
| 57
| + 1 lap
| 9
|
|-
! 8
| 40
| Gabriele Tarquini
| AGS-Ford
| 57
| + 1 lap
| 18
|
|-
! 9
| 10
| Eddie Cheever
| Arrows-Ford
| 56
| + 2 laps
| 21
|
|-
! 10
| 22
| Andrea de Cesaris
| Dallara-Ford
| 56
| + 2 laps
| 16
|
|-
! 11
| 20
| Johnny Herbert
| Benetton-Ford
| 56
| + 2 laps
| 23
|
|-
! 12
| 17
| Nicola Larini
| Osella-Ford
| 52
| Spun off
| 14
|
|-
!
| 7
| Martin Brundle
| Brabham-Judd
| 51
| Fuel system
| 22
|
|-
!
| 12
| Satoru Nakajima
| Lotus-Judd
| 46
| + 12 laps
| 24
|
|-
!
| 24
| Luis Pérez-Sala
| Minardi-Ford
| 43
| Spun off
| 15
|
|-
!
| 15
| Maurício Gugelmin
| March-Judd
| 39
| Transmission
| 19
|
|-
!
| 11
| Nelson Piquet
| Lotus-Judd
| 29
| Engine
| 8
|
|-
!
| 27
| Nigel Mansell
| Ferrari
| 23
| Gearbox
| 3
|
|-
!
| 6
| Riccardo Patrese
| Williams-Renault
| 21
| Engine
| 4
|
|-
!
| 8
| Stefano Modena
| Brabham-Judd
| 19
| Spun off
| 17
|
|-
!
| 23
| Pierluigi Martini
| Minardi-Ford
| 6
| Gearbox
| 11
|
|-
!
| 26
| Olivier Grouillard
| Ligier-Ford
| 4
| Illegal car repairs
| 10
|
|-
!
| 28
| Gerhard Berger
| Ferrari
| 3
| Accident
| 5
|
|-
!
| 16
| Ivan Capelli
| March-Judd
| 1
| Spun off
| 13
|
|-
!
| 30
| Philippe Alliot
| Lola-Lamborghini
| 0
| Electrical
| 20
|
|-
!
| 29
| Yannick Dalmas
| Lola-Lamborghini
| 0
| Electrical
| 26
|
|-
!
| 4
| Michele Alboreto
| Tyrrell-Ford
|
|
|
|
|-
!
| 25
| René Arnoux
| Ligier-Ford
|
|
|
|
|-
!
| 38
| Christian Danner
| Rial-Ford
|
|
|
|
|-
!
| 31
| Roberto Moreno
| Coloni-Ford
|
|
|
|
|-
!
| 37
| Bertrand Gachot
| Onyx-Ford
|
|
|
|
|-
!
| 33
| Gregor Foitek
| EuroBrun-Judd
|
|
|
|
|-
!
| 18
| Piercarlo Ghinzani
| Osella-Ford
|
|
|
|
|-
!
| 36
| Stefan Johansson
| Onyx-Ford
|
|
|
|
|-
!
| 41
| Joachim Winkelhock
| AGS-Ford
|
|
|
|
|-
!
| 32
| Pierre-Henri Raphanel
| Coloni-Ford
|
|
|
|
|-
!
| 35
| Aguri Suzuki
| Zakspeed-Yamaha
|
|
|
|
|-
!
| 34
| Bernd Schneider
| Zakspeed-Yamaha
|
|
|
|
|-
!
| 39
| Volker Weidler
| Rial-Ford
|
|
|
|
|-
!colspan="8"|
|}
Championship standings after the race
;Drivers' Championship standings
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"
|-
!Pos
!Driver
!Points
|-
| 1
| Alain Prost
|align=right| 12
|-
| 2
| Ayrton Senna
|align=right| 9
|-
| 3
| Nigel Mansell
|align=right| 9
|-
| 4
| Alessandro Nannini
|align=right| 5
|-
| 5
| Maurício Gugelmin
|align=right| 4
|-
!colspan=4|Source:
|}
;Constructors' Championship standings
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"
|-
! Pos
! Constructor
! Points
|-
| 1
| McLaren-Honda
|align=right|21
|-
| 2
| Ferrari
|align=right|9
|-
| 3
| Benetton-Ford
|align=right|8
|-
| 4
| March-Judd
|align=right|4
|-
| 5
| Arrows-Ford
|align=right|4
|-
!colspan=4|Source: