1943 steel cents are U.S. one-cent coins that were struck in steel due to wartime shortages of copper. The Philadelphia, Denver, and San Francisco mints each produced these 1943 Lincoln cents. The unique composition of the coin (low-grade steel coated with zinc, instead of the previously 95%-copper-based bronze composition) has led to various nicknames, such as wartime cent, steel war penny, zinc cent and steelie. The 1943 steel cent features the same Victor David Brenner design for the Lincoln cent which had been in use since 1909.

History

Due to wartime needs of copper for use in ammunition and other military equipment during World War II, the United States Mint researched various ways to limit dependence and meet conservation goals on copper usage. After trying out several substitutes (ranging from other metals

After public outcry, the Mint developed a process whereby salvaged brass shell casings were augmented with pure copper to produce an alloy close to the 1941–42 composition. This was used for cents dated 1944 through 1946, after which the prewar composition was resumed. Although they continued to circulate into the 1960s, the mint collected large numbers of the 1943 cents and destroyed them.

1944 steel cent

left|thumb|1944 steel cent

In an error similar to the 1943 cents, a few 1944 cents were struck on steel planchets left over from 1943.

Novelty coins

Since many steel cents corroded and became dull soon after entering circulation, some dealers who sold the coins as novelties improved their appearance by "reprocessing" – stripping off the old zinc coating and then replating them with zinc or chrome. These reprocessed coins are sometimes erroneously described as "brilliant uncirculated", or similar terms, by ignorant or unscrupulous online sellers.

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In the American Girl series, the "Molly" doll, who lives during World War II, has a pretend steel penny which is a part of her set.

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See also

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  • War nickels, 1942–1945 Jefferson nickels produced with 35% silver instead of nickel, due to nickel requirements by the U.S. military
  • Sales tax token

References

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