1828 United States presidential election

Presidential elections were held in the United States from October 31 to December 2, 1828. Just as in the 1824 election, President John Quincy Adams of the National Republican Party faced Andrew Jackson of the Democratic Party, making the election the second rematch in presidential history. Both parties were new organizations, and this was the first presidential election their nominees contested.

With the collapse of the Federalist Party, four members of the Democratic-Republican Party, including Jackson and Adams, had sought the presidency in the 1824 election. Jackson had won a plurality (but not majority) of both the electoral vote and popular vote in the 1824 election, but had lost the contingent election that was held in the House of Representatives. In the aftermath of the election, Jackson's supporters accused Adams and Henry Clay of having reached a "corrupt bargain" in which Clay helped Adams win the contingent election in return for the position of Secretary of State. After the 1824 election, Jackson's supporters immediately began plans for a campaign in 1828, and the Democratic-Republican Party fractured into the National Republican Party and the Democratic Party during Adams's presidency.

The 1828 campaign was marked by large amounts of "mudslinging", as both parties attacked the personal qualities of the opposing party's candidate. Jackson dominated in the South and the West, aided in part by the passage of the Tariff of 1828. With the ongoing expansion of the right to vote to most white men, the election marked a dramatic expansion of the electorate, with 9.5% of Americans casting a vote for president, compared with 3.4% in 1824. Several states transitioned to a popular vote for president, leaving South Carolina and Delaware as the only states in which the legislature chose presidential electors.

Jackson decisively won the election, carrying 55.5% of the popular vote and 178 electoral votes, to Adams' 83. The election marked the rise of Jacksonian Democracy and the transition from the First Party System to the Second Party System. Historians debate the significance of the election, with many arguing that it marked the beginning of modern American politics by removing key barriers to voter participation and establishing a stable two-party system. Jackson became the first president whose home state was neither Massachusetts nor Virginia, while Adams was the second to lose re-election, following his father John Adams.

Background

While Andrew Jackson won a plurality of electoral votes and the popular vote in the election of 1824, he lost to John Quincy Adams as the election was deferred to the House of Representatives (by the terms of the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution, a presidential election in which no candidate wins a majority of the electoral vote is decided by a contingent election in the House of Representatives). Henry Clay, unsuccessful candidate and Speaker of the House at the time, despised Jackson, in part due to their fight for Western votes during the election, and he chose to support Adams, which led to Adams being elected president on the first ballot.

A few days after the election, Adams appointed Clay his Secretary of State, a position held by Adams and his three immediate predecessors prior to becoming president. Jackson and his followers promptly accused Clay and Adams of striking a "corrupt bargain," and continued to lambaste the president until the 1828 election.

In 1824, the national Democratic-Republican Party collapsed as national politics became increasingly polarized between supporters of Adams and supporters of Jackson. In a prelude to the presidential election, the Jacksonians bolstered their numbers in Congress in the 1826 congressional elections, with Jackson ally Andrew Stevenson chosen as the new Speaker of the House of Representatives in 1827 over Adams ally Speaker, John W. Taylor.

Nominations

Jacksonian Party nomination

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"

| style="background:#f1f1f1;" colspan="30"|<big>1828 Jacksonian Party ticket</big>

! style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#3333FF; width:200px;"| Andrew Jackson|

! style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#3333FF; width:200px;"| John C. Calhoun|

| style="width:3em; font-size:100%; color:#000; background:#C8EBFF; width:200px;"|for President

| style="width:3em; font-size:100%; color:#000; background:#C8EBFF; width:200px;"|for Vice President

| center|200x200px

| U.S. Senator from Tennessee (1797–1798 & 1823–1825)

| 7th Vice President of the United States (1825–1832)

| colspan=2 |Campaign

In October 1825, the Tennessee legislature re-nominated Jackson for president. Congressional opponents of Adams, including former William H. Crawford supporter Martin Van Buren, rallied around Jackson's candidacy. Jackson's supporters called themselves Democrats, and would formally organize as the Democratic Party shortly after his election. In hopes of uniting those opposed to Adams, Jackson ran on a ticket with Calhoun. Calhoun would decline the invitation to join the Democratic Party, however, and instead formed the Nullifier Party after the election; the Nullifiers would remain largely aligned with the Democrats for the next few years, but ultimately broke with Jackson over the issue of states' rights during his first term. No congressional nominating caucus or national convention was held.

Adams' relationship with Vice President John C. Calhoun deteriorated, with Calhoun opposing Clay's appointment as Secretary of State due to his own presidential ambitions. In June 1826, Calhoun gave his support to Jackson for the 1828 election. Calhoun's stance on the removal of Native Americans was not accepted by the Georgian electors who instead voted for William Smith.

Van Buren, who supported Crawford during the 1824 election, supported Jackson during the 1828 election and aided in the selection of Calhoun as vice president in order to prevent DeWitt Clinton, his political enemy, from being selected. Clinton died on February 11, 1828. Van Buren arranged for incidents to divide Calhoun and Adams such as him abstaining from a vote on tariff legislation supported by Adams in order for Calhoun to break the tie by voting against it.

Thomas Ritchie, editor of the Richmond Examiner, was one of the leading supporters of Crawford during the 1824 election and Van Buren convinced him to support Jackson. Van Buren convinced him of an alliance "between the planters of the South and the plain Republicans of the North".

National Republican Party nomination

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"

| style="background:#f1f1f1;" colspan="30"|<big>1828 National Republican Party ticket</big>

! style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#F0DC82; width:200px;"| John Quincy Adams|

! style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#F0DC82; width:200px;"| Richard Rush|

|- style="color:#000000; font-size:100%; background:#F0DC82;"

| style="width:3em; font-size:100%; color:#000; background:lightyellow; width:200px;"|for President

| style="width:3em; font-size:100%; color:#000; background:lightyellow; width:200px;"|for Vice President

| x200px

| center|200x200px

| 6th President of the United States (1825–1829)

| 8th U.S. Secretary of the Treasury (1825–1829)

thumb|205x205px|[[John Quincy Adams, the incumbent president in 1828, whose term expired on March 4, 1829]]

President Adams and his allies, including Secretary of State Clay and Senator Daniel Webster of Massachusetts, became known as the National Republicans or "Adams Party." The National Republicans were significantly less organized than the Democrats, and many party leaders did not embrace the new era of popular campaigning. Adams was re-nominated on the endorsement of state legislatures and partisan rallies. As with the Democrats, no nominating caucus or national convention was held. Adams chose Secretary of the Treasury Richard Rush, a Pennsylvanian known for his protectionist views, as his running mate. Adams, who was personally popular in New England, hoped to assemble a coalition in which Clay attracted Western voters, Rush attracted voters in the middle states, and Webster won over former members of the Federalist Party.

Adams support in New York aligned with the Anti-Masonic Party and Thurlow Weed, his campaign manager in the state, was sympathetic to the anti-masonic movement.

General election

One memoir of 19th-century life in Illinois gives a sense of importance of the 1828 in American life:

Campaign

thumb|One of the [[Coffin Handbills: "Some account of the bloody deeds of General Andrew Jackson" (1828)]]

thumb|"Gen. Jackson's negro speculations and his traffic in human flesh, examined and established with positive proof" (1828) surfaced the issue of [[Andrew Jackson and the slave trade in the United States ]]

thumb|Caricature of Jackson entitled Richard III by [[David Claypoole Johnston (1828); according to American Art Journal, the details of his face are "composed of naked bodies of Indians. A quotation from Shakespeare's text reads, 'Me thought the souls of all that I had murder'd came to my tent.'"]]

The campaign was marked by large amounts of nasty "mudslinging." Jackson's marriage, for example, came in for the vicious attack. Charles Hammond, in his Cincinnati Gazette, asked: "Ought a convicted adulteress and her paramour husband be placed in the highest offices of this free and Christian land?" At the time of the election, Mr. and Mrs. Jackson had been happily, legally married for almost 35 years, but when they met, Rachel had been legally married to Lewis Robards. In the Adams campaign managers' hands, this became a scandal. The Robards–Donelson–Jackson relationship controversy has been ongoing for the better part of 200 years, but since the 1970s, historians generally agree that Andrew and Rachel ran off together to force a divorce from Lewis Robards that would have otherwise been inaccessible to Rachel and that they were a couple for roughly five years before they were legally married in 1794. Decades later, their youthful love story became a political liability. Jackson's campaign did major spin control and manufactured a false timeline, convinced friends in Natchez to vouch for the retcon, and offered a semi-plausible "they were confused about divorce law" excuse to paper over the irregular marriage.Jackson biographers and Democratic partisans carried the false narrative forward well into the late 20th century. He was most certainly a gambler, a cockfighter, a Negro trader, and a bigamist, although at the late hour of 1828 it was perhaps ungracious to bring it up.

Jackson's campaigners fired back by claiming that while serving as minister to Russia, Adams had procured a young girl to serve as a prostitute for Emperor Alexander I. They also stated that Adams had a billiard table in the White House and that he had charged the government for it. (In fact Adams while minister to Russia had employed a young girl as a maid to his wife; the girl had written a letter which had been intercepted by the Russian postal services. Alexander I had been curious to meet the letter writer publicly at court and Adams had done so. The billiard table was Adams' personal property; a bill for repairing it had been accidentally included in the White House expense accounts. Adams also came under attack for having a chess set). Jackson also came under heavy attack as a slave trader who bought and sold slaves and moved them about in defiance of modern standards of morality (he was not attacked for merely owning slaves used in plantation work). The Coffin Handbills attacked Jackson for his courts-martial, execution of deserters, and massacres of Indian villages, and also his habit of dueling and that he supposedly fought over 100 duels. In fact, Jackson had only fought three duels: in the first both men had fired at each other but made up; in the second duel, Jackson vs John Sevier, it had taken place but only two persons not connected with either party had been slightly injured. The third duel was with Charles Dickinson in which Dickinson was mortally wounded while Jackson was left with a bullet in his chest. A so-called fourth duel between Jackson and Thomas Hart Benton was in fact a frontier brawl which left Jackson badly wounded in the shoulder. That said the list of violent incidents involving Andrew Jackson began with his arrival in Tennessee in the 1780s and continued apace for years. As historian J. M. Opal put it, "[Jackson's] willingness to kill, assault, or threaten people was a constant theme in his adult life and a central component of the reputation he cultivated."

Ezra Stiles Ely attacked Adams' Unitarian beliefs and called for Christians to vote for Jackson.

Jackson avoided articulating issue positions, instead campaigning on his personal qualities and his opposition to Adams. Adams avoided popular campaigning, instead emphasizing his support of specific issues.

Jefferson wrote of the outcome of the contingent election of 1825 in a letter to William H. Crawford, who had been the nominee of the congressional caucus of Democratic-Republicans, saying that he had hoped to congratulate Crawford on his election to the presidency but "events had not been what we had wished."

In the next election, Jackson's and Adams's supporters saw value in establishing the opinion of Jefferson in regards to their respective candidates and against their opposition. Jefferson died on July 4, 1826, on the same day as his predecessor, John Adams, Adams's father.

A goal of the pro-Adams was to depict Jackson as a "mere military chieftain." Historian Sean Wilentz described Webster's account of the meeting as "not wholly reliable." Biographer Robert V. Remini said that Jefferson "had no great love for Jackson."

Gilmer accused Coles of misrepresentation, in Jefferson's opinion had changed, Gilmer said. Jefferson's son-in-law, former Virginia Governor Thomas Mann Randolph Jr., said in 1826 that Jefferson had a "strong repugnance" to Henry Clay. Others said the same thing, but Coles could not believe Jefferson's opinion had changed. The Jacksonians and states' rights men heralded its publication; the Adams men felt it a symptom of senility.

Jackson received 50.3% of the vote in states without slavery while he received 72.6% of the vote in states with slavery. He received 200,000 votes in the South and 400,000 votes in the North, but the Three-fifths Compromise, which inflated the South's electoral votes, resulted in him receiving 105 electoral votes from the South and 73 votes from the North.

This was the first election in American history in which the incumbent president lost re-election despite winning a greater share of the popular vote than in the previous election. This would not happen again until 2020. Adams' loss was also the second time an elected president lost the popular vote twice, this also occurred with Benjamin Harrison in 1888 and 1892, and Donald Trump who lost the popular vote in 2016 and 2020.

This was the last election in which the Democrats won Kentucky until 1856. It is also the only election where Maine, New Hampshire, New Jersey, and Vermont voted for the National Republicans, and the last time that New Hampshire voted against the Democrats until 1856.

It was also the only election in which an electoral vote split occurred in Maine until the election of 2016, the first election in which the winning ticket did not have a north–south balance, and the first election in which two northerners ran against two southerners.

File: United States Electoral College 1828.svg

Source (Popular Vote): Dubin, Michael J. United States Presidential Elections, 1788–1860

Source (Electoral Vote):

(a) The popular vote figures exclude Delaware and South Carolina: both states' electors were chosen by the state legislatures rather than by a popular vote.

(b) Votes cast for Jackson electors nominated by the Clark faction of the Democratic Party of Georgia. Two tickets pledged to Jackson ran in this state; the Clark ticket was defeated by electors nominated by the Troup faction. Many sources combine the votes for both factions when reporting the Georgia results, but this is legally incorrect.

Maps

1828 Electoral Map.png|Electoral College vote

1828 United States presidential election results map by county.svg|Map of presidential election results by county, shaded according to the vote share of the highest result for an elector of any given candidate

1828 Presidential Election Results By Electoral District.svg|Map of presidential election results by electoral district, shaded according to the vote share of the highest result for an elector of any given candidate. Electoral boundaries for most of Tennessee, Maine, and Maryland could not be found

</gallery>

Results by state

{|class="wikitable"

|+ Legend

|colspan=2| States/districts won by Jackson/Calhoun

|colspan=2| States/districts won by Adams/Rush

| † || At-large results (For states that split electoral votes)

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"

! colspan=2 |

! align=center colspan=3 | Andrew Jackson Democratic

! align=center colspan=3 | John Quincy Adams National Republican

! colspan="2" | Margin

! align=center colspan=2 | State Total

! align=center | State

! style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number" | electoral votes

! align=center; data-sort-type="number" | #

! align=center; data-sort-type="number" | %

! style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number" | electoral votes

! align=center; data-sort-type="number" | #

! align=center; data-sort-type="number" | %

! style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" | electoral votes

! align=center; data-sort-type="number" | #

! align=center; data-sort-type="number" | %

! align=center; data-sort-type="number" | #

! style"text-align:left" | Alabama

! 5

| 0001361816,750

| 89.78

| 5

| 000486691,976

| 10.22

| -

| 14,774

| 79.90

| 18,726

! AL

! style"text-align:left" | Connecticut

! 8

| 4,488

| 24.5

| -

| 13,838

| 75.5

| 8

| -9,350

| -51.02

| 18,326

! CT

! style"text-align:left" | Delaware

! 3

| colspan=3 align=center | no popular vote

| colspan=2 align=center | no popular vote

| 3

| -

! DE

! style"text-align:left" | Georgia

! 9

| 17,703

| 96.70

| 9

| 605

| 3.31

| -

| 17,098

| 93.39

| 18,308

! GA

! style"text-align:left" | Illinois

! 3

| 9,582

| 67.18

| 3

| 4,681

| 32.82

| -

| 4,901

| 34.36

| 14,263

! IL

! style"text-align:left" | Indiana

! 5

| 22,140

| 56.60

| 5

| 16,978

| 43.40

| -

| 5,162

| 13.20

| 39,118

! IN

! style"text-align:left" | Kentucky

! 14

| 39,085

| 55.41

| 14

| 31,456

| 44.59

| -

| 7,629

| 10.81

| 70,541

! KY

! style"text-align:left" | Louisiana

! 5

| 4,603

| 53.04

| 5

| 4,076

| 46.96

| -

| 527

| 6.07

| 8,679

! LA

! style"text-align:left" | Maine†

! 2

| 13,808

| 40.18

| -

| 20,558

| 59.82

| 2

| -6,750

| -19.58

| 34,366

! ME

! style"text-align:left" | Maine-Cumberland

! 1

| 4,227

| 51.11

| 1

| 4,043

| 48.89

| -

| 184

| 2.22

| 8,270

! ME1

! style"text-align:left" | Maine-York

! 1

| 1,865

| 37.97

| -

| 3,047

| 62.03

| 1

| -1,182

| -24.06

| 4,912

! ME2

! style"text-align:left" | Maine-Kennebec

! 1

| 1,057

| 25.58

| -

| 3,075

| 74.42

| 1

| -2,018

| -48.83

| 4,132

! ME3

! style"text-align:left" | Maine-Lincoln

! 1

| 820

| 29.79

| -

| 1,933

| 71.21

| 1

| -1,113

| -40.43

| 2,753

! ME4

! style"text-align:left" | Maine-Oxford

! 1

| 2,812

| 47.05

| -

| 3,248

| 52.95

| 1

| -364

| -5.90

| 6,170

! ME5

! style"text-align:left" | Maine-Hancock & Washington

! 1

| 1,235

| 35.26

| -

| 2,268

| 64.74

| 1

| -1,033

| -29.49

| 3,503

! ME6

! style"text-align:left" | Maine-Somerset & Ponobscot

! 1

| 1,792

| 36.99

| -

| 3,052

| 63.01

| 1

| -1,260

| -26.01

| 4,844

! ME7

! style"text-align:left" | Maryland-1

! 1

| 1,101

| 35.19

| -

| 2,027

| 65.8`

| 1

| -926

| -29.60

| 3,128

! MD1

! style"text-align:left" | Maryland-2

! 1

| 1,328

| 42.85

| -

| 1,771

| 57.14

| 1

| -443

| -14.29

| 3,099

! MD2

! style"text-align:left" | Maryland-3

! 2

| 6,177

| 50.24

| 2

| 6,117

| 49.76

| -

| 60

| 0.49

| 12,294

! MD3

! style"text-align:left" | Maryland-4

! 2

| 6,058

| 51.33

| 2

| 5,743

| 49.66

| -

| 315

| 2.67

| 11,801

! MD4

! style"text-align:left" | Maryland-5

! 1

| 2,942

| 64.74

| 1

| 1,602

| 35.26

| -

| 1,340

| 29.49

| 4,544

! MD5

! style"text-align:left" | Maryland-6

! 1

| 2,213

| 49.68

| -

| 2,242

| 50.33

| 1

| -29

| -0.65

| 4,455

! MD6

! style"text-align:left" | Maryland-7

! 1

| 1,122

| 48.15

| -

| 1,208

| 51.85

| 1

| -86

| -4.04

| 2,130

! MD7

! style"text-align:left" | Maryland-8

! 1

| 1,050

| 40.37

| -

| 1,551

| 59.63

| 1

| -501

| -19.26

| 2,601

! MD8

! style"text-align:left" | Maryland-9

! 1

| 2,574

| 44.15

| -

| 3,256

| 55.85

| 1

| -682

| -11.70

| 5,830

! MD9

! style"text-align:left" | Massachusetts

! 15

| 6,016

| 16.78

| -

| 29,842

| 83.22

| 15

| -23,826

| -66.45

| 35,858

! MA

! style"text-align:left" | Mississippi

! 3

| 7,086

| 81.56

| 3

| 1,602

| 18.44

| -

| 5,484

| 63.12

| 8,688

! MS

! style"text-align:left" | Missouri

! 3

| 8,287

| 69.30

| 3

| 3,672

| 30.70

| -

| 4,615

| 38.59

| 11,959

! MO

! style"text-align:left" | New Hampshire

! 8

| 21,182

| 46.76

| -

| 24,120

| 53.24

| 8

| -2.938

| -6.48

| 45,302

! NH

! style"text-align:left" | New Jersey

! 8

| 21,951

| 48.02

| -

| 23,764

| 51.98

| 8

| -1,813

| -4.02

| 45,715

! NJ

! style"text-align:left" | New York

! 2

| 139,412

| 51.45

| 2

| 131,563

| 48.55

| -

| 7,849

| 2.9

| 270,975

! NY

! style"text-align:left" | New York-1

! 1

| 3,075

| 51.93

| 1

| 2,847

| 48.07

| -

| 228

| 3.85

| 5,922

! NY1

! style"text-align:left" | New York-2

! 1

| 2,936

| 59.89

| 1

| 1,966

| 40.11

| -

| 970

| 19.79

| 4,902

! NY2

! style"text-align:left" | New York-3

! 3

| 15,435

| 61.56

| 3

| 9,638

| 38.44

| -

| 5,797

| 23.12

| 25,073

! NY3

! style"text-align:left" | New York-4

! 1

| 3,788

| 54.57

| 1

| 3,153

| 45.43

| -

| 635

| 9.15

| 6,941

! NY4

! style"text-align:left" | New York-5

! 1

| 4,680

| 58.92

| 1

| 3,263

| 41.08

| -

| 1,417

| 17.84

| 7,943

! NY5

! style"text-align:left" | New York-6

! 1

| 3,798

| 59.49

| 1

| 2,586

| 40.51

| -

| 1,212

| 18.98

| 6,384

! NY6

! style"text-align:left" | New York-7

! 1

| 4,624

| 69.71

| 1

| 2,009

| 30.29

| -

| 1,212

| 18.27

| 6,633

! NY7

! style"text-align:left" | New York-8

! 1

| 3,446

| 48.62

| -

| 3,642

| 51.38

| 1

| -196

| -2.77

| 7,088

! NY8

! style"text-align:left" | New York-9

! 1

| 4,263

| 47.83

| -

| 4,650

| 52.17

| 1

| -387

| -4.34

| 8,913

! NY9

! style"text-align:left" | New York-10

! 1

| 3,924

| 48.33

| -

| 4,195

| 51.67

| 1

| -271

| -3.34

| 8,119

! NY10

! style"text-align:left" | New York-11

! 1

| 5,331

| 61.27

| 1

| 3,370

| 38.73

| -

| 1961

| 22.54

| 8,701

! NY11

! style"text-align:left" | New York-12

! 1

| 3,740

| 59.14

| 1

| 2,584

| 48.86

| -

| 1156

| 18.28

| 6,324

! NY12

! style"text-align:left" | New York-13

! 1

| 4,241

| 52.09

| 1

| 3.900

| 47.91

| -

| 341

| 4.19

| 8,141

! NY13

! style"text-align:left" | New York-14

! 1

| 5,136

| 46.89

| -

| 5,817

| 53.11

| 1

| -681

| -6.22

| 10.953

! NY14

! style"text-align:left" | New York-15

! 1

| 3,177

| 55.86

| 1

| 2,510

| 44.14

| -

| 667

| 11.73

| 5,687

! NY15

! style"text-align:left" | New York-16

! 1

| 3,778

| 48.69

| -

| 3,982

| 54.76

| 1

| -204

| -2.63

| 7,760

! NY16

! style"text-align:left" | New York-17

! 1

| 2,929

| 45.25

| -

| 3,545

| 45.24

| 1

| -616

| -9.51

| 6,474

! NY17

! style"text-align:left" | New York-18

! 1

| 2,658

| 39.42

| -

| 4,085

| 60.58

| 1

| -1,427

| -21.16

| 6,743

! NY18

! style"text-align:left" | New York-19

! 1

| 4,503

| 47.18

| -

| 5,042

| 52.82

| 1

| -539

| -5.65

| 5,922

! NY19

! style"text-align:left" | New York-20

! 2

| 9,081

| 49.77

| -

| 9,164

| 50.23

| 2

| -83

| -0.45

| 18,245

! NY20

! style"text-align:left" | New York-21

! 1

| 4,329

| 58.15

| 1

| 3,116

| 41.85

| -

| 1,213

| 16.29

| 7,445

! NY21

! style"text-align:left" | New York-22

! 1

| 4,136

| 45.40

| -

| 4,974

| 54.60

| 1

| -838

| -9.20

| 9,110

! NY22

! style"text-align:left" | New York-23

! 1

| 4,264

| 52.90

| 1

| 3,796

| 47.10

| -

| 468

| 5.81

| 8,060

! NY23

! style"text-align:left" | New York-24

! 1

| 4,159

| 63.25

| 1

| 2,416

| 36.75

| -

| 1,743

| 26.51

| 6,575

! NY24

! style"text-align:left" | New York-25

! 1

| 5,427

| 59.10

| 1

| 3,755

| 40.90

| -

| 1,672

| 18.21

| 9,182

! NY25

! style"text-align:left" | New York-26

! 2

| 7,011

| 43.47

| -

| 9,119

| 56.53

| 2

| -2,108

| -13.07

| 16,130

! NY26

! style"text-align:left" | New York-27

! 1

| 4,631

| 39.55

| -

| 7,079

| 60.45

| 1

| -2,448

| -20.91

| 11,701

! NY27

! style"text-align:left" | New York-28

! 1

| 5,347

| 54.89

| 1

| 4,395

| 45.11

| -

| 952

| 9.77

| 9,742

! NY28

! style"text-align:left" | New York-29

! 1

| 3,256

| 32.28

| -

| 6,832

| 67.72

| 1

| -3,576

| -34.54

| 10,088

! NY29

! style"text-align:left" | New York-30

! 1

| 3,660

| 31.44

| -

| 7,983

| 68.56

| 1

| -4,323

| -37.13

| 11,643

! NY30

! style"text-align:left" | North Carolina

! 15

| 37,634

| 72.97

| 15

| 13,938

| 27.03

| -

| 23,696

| 45.95

| 51,572

! NC

! style"text-align:left" | Ohio

! 16

| 67,596

| 51.58

| 16

| 63,456

| 48.42

| -

| 4,140

| 3.16

| 131,052

! OH

! style"text-align:left" | Pennsylvania

! 28

| 102,151

| 66.79

| 28

| 50,783

| 33.21

| -

| 51,368

| 33.59

| 152,934

! PA

! style"text-align:left" | Rhode Island

! 4

| 820

| 22.95

| -

| 2,753

| 77.05

| 4

| -1,933

| -54.10

| 3,573

! RI

! style"text-align:left" | South Carolina

! 11

| colspan=2 align=center | no popular vote

| 11

| colspan=3 align=center | no popular vote

| -

! SC

! style"text-align:left" | Tennessee-1

! 1

| 3,136

| 100.00

| 1

| 0

| 0.00

| -

| 3,136

| 100.00

| 3,136

! TN1

! style"text-align:left" | Tennessee-2

! 1

| 3,418

| 95.98

| 1

| 143

| 4.02

| -

| 3,275

| 91.97

| 3,561

! TN2

! style"text-align:left" | Tennessee-3

! 1

| 4,001

| 94.03

| 1

| 254

| 5.97

| -

| 3,747

| 88.06

| 4,255

! TN3

! style"text-align:left" | Tennessee-4

! 1

| 3,211

| 99.78

| 1

| 7

| 0.22

| -

| 3,204

| 99.56

| 3,218

! TN4

! style"text-align:left" | Tennessee-5

! 1

| 5,196

| 98.60

| 1

| 74

| 1.40

| -

| 5,122

| 97.19

| 5,270

! TN5

! style"text-align:left" | Tennessee-6

! 1

| 3,605

| 100.00

| 1

| 0

| 0.00

| -

| 3,605

| 100.00

| 3,605

! TN6

! style"text-align:left" | Tennessee-7

! 1

| 5,008

| 87.51

| 1

| 715

| 12.49

| -

| 4,293

| 75.01

| 5,723

! TN7

! style"text-align:left" | Tennessee-8

! 1

| 3,443

| 99.83

| 1

| 6

| 0.17

| -

| 3,437

| 99.65

| 3,449

! TN8

! style"text-align:left" | Tennessee-9

! 1

| 4,311

| 95.14

| 1

| 220

| 4.86

| -

| 4,091

| 90.29

| 4,531

! TN9

! style"text-align:left" | Tennessee-10

! 1

| 3,481

| 95.11

| 1

| 179

| 4.89

| -

| 3,302

| 90.22

| 3,660

! TN10

! style"text-align:left" | Tennessee-11

! 1

| 5,282

| 89.16

| 1

| 642

| 10.84

| -

| 4,640

| 78.33

| 5,924

! TN11

! style"text-align:left" | Vermont

! 7

| 8,335

| 25.49

| -

| 24,365

| 74.51

| 7

| -16,030

| -49.02

| 32,700

! VT

! style"text-align:left" | Virginia

! 24

| 26,842

| 69.13

| 24

| 11,989

| 30.87

| -

| 14,853

| 38.25

| 38,831

! VA

! TOTALS:

! 261

! 638,348

! 55.71

! 178

! 507,440

! 44.29

! 83

! 130,908

! 11.43

! 1,145,788

! US

! TO WIN:

! 131

! colspan="17" |

States that flipped from Democratic-Republican to National Republican

Connecticut
Delaware
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
New Jersey
Rhode Island
Vermont

States that flipped from Democratic-Republican to Democratic

Alabama
Georgia
Illinois
Indiana
Kentucky
Louisiana
Mississippi
Missouri
New York
North Carolina
Ohio
Pennsylvania
South Carolina
Tennessee
Virginia

Close states

Districts where the margin of victory was under 1%:

NY-20 0.45%
MD-3 0.49%
MD-6 0.65%

States and Districts where the margin of victory was under 5%:

Maine-Cumberland 2.22%
NY-16 2.63%
MD-4 2.67%
NY-8 2.77%
Ohio 3.16%
NY-10 3.34%
NY-1 3.85%
New Jersey 4.02%
MD-7 4.04%
NY-13 4.19%
NY-9 4.34%

States and Districts where the margin of victory was under 10%:

NY-19 5.65%
NY-23 5.81%
Maine-Oxford 5.90%
Louisiana 6.07%
NY-14 6.22%
New Hampshire 6.48%
NY-4 9.15%
NY-22 9.20%
NY-17 9.51%
NY-28 9.77%

Aftermath

A voter named Thomas J. Forney, who lived in Burke County, North Carolina, wrote to a friend in Virginia on December 4, 1828: