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The year 1801 in archaeology involved some significant events.
Excavations
thumb|Drawing of a mastodon skeleton by Rembrandt Peale
- The first complete mastodon skeleton is excavated (see Peale's Barber Farm Mastodon Exhumation Site, before dinosaurs were discovered.
Events
- The first of the Elgin Marbles brought from Athens to London by Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin.
Births
- Joseph Barnard Davis, English craniologist (d. 1881)
