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The year 1735 in science and technology involved some significant events.
thumb|500px|Linnaeus' classification of animals
Astronomy
- July 11 - Pluto (not known at this time) enters a fourteen-year period inside the orbit of Neptune, which will not recur until 1979.
Biology
- Carl Linnaeus publishes the first edition of his Systema Naturæ in Leiden.
Chemistry
- Cobalt is discovered and isolated by Georg Brandt. This is the first metal discovered since ancient times.
Earth sciences
- May – French Geodesic Mission (including Charles Marie de La Condamine, Pierre Bouguer, Louis Godin, Jorge Juan, Antonio de Ulloa, Joseph de Jussieu and Jean Godin) sets out for Ecuador.
Mathematics
- Leonhard Euler solves the Basel problem, first posed by Pietro Mengoli in 1644, and the Seven Bridges of Königsberg problem.
Meteorology
- May 22 – George Hadley publishes the first explanation of the trade winds.
Physiology and medicine
- December 6 – The second successful appendectomy is performed by naturalised British surgeon Claudius Aymand at St George's Hospital in London (the first was in 1731).
Births
- April 21 – Ivan Petrovich Kulibin, Russian inventor (died 1818)
- May 17 (bapt.) – John Brown, Scottish physician (died 1788)
- August 7 – Claudine Picardet, French, chemist, mineralogist, meteorologist and scientific translator (died 1820)
- September 6 – John Joseph Merlin, Liégeois-born inventor (died 1803)
- October 6 – Jesse Ramsden, English scientific instrument maker (died 1800)
- December 4 – Josephus Nicolaus Laurenti, Viennese herpetologist (died 1805)
Deaths
- February 27 – Dr John Arbuthnot, British polymath (born 1667)
- September 27 – Peter Artedi, Swedish naturalist (born 1705)