thumb | right | Title page of Comenius: Orbis sensualium pictus (1658 edition).
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The year 1658 in science and technology involved some significant events.
Astronomy
- approx. date – Kamalakara compiles his major work, Siddhāntatattvaviveka, in Varanasi.
Life sciences
- Jan Swammerdam observes red blood cells (in the frog) with the aid of a microscope.
- Samuel Volckertzoon observes a quokka on Rottnest Island.
Mathematics
- Christopher Wren gives the first published proof of the arc length of a cycloid.
Publication
- Posthumous publication of Arzneibüchlein, pharmacopoeia compiled by Anna von Diesbach.
Births
- March 5 – Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac, French explorer (died 1730)
- April 2 - Pierre Pomet, French pharmacist (died 1699)
- April 8 - Georges Mareschal, French surgeon (died 1736)
- unknown date – Nicolas Andry, French physician (died 1742)
Deaths
- January 9 - Pierre-Jean Fabre, French physician and alchemist (born 1588)
- October 22 – Charles Bouvard, French herbalist (born 1572)