110th United States Congress

thumb|House of Representatives member pin for the 110th U.S. Congress

The 110th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, between January 3, 2007, and January 3, 2009, during the last two years of the Presidency of George W. Bush. It was composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The apportionment of seats in the House was based on the 2000 U.S. census.

The Democratic Party won a majority in both chambers, giving them full control of Congress for the first time since the 103rd Congress in 1993, which was also the previous time they controlled the House.

Officially in the Senate, there were 49 Democrats, 49 Republicans, and two independents, but because both of the independents caucused with the Democrats, this gave the Democrats an operational majority. No Democratic-held seats had fallen to the Republican Party in the 2006 elections.

This is the most recent Congress to feature Republican senators from Minnesota (Norm Coleman), New Mexico (Pete Domenici) and Oregon (Gordon Smith), in which Domenici retired and the other two lost re-election at the end of the Congress.

Democrat Nancy Pelosi became the first female speaker of the House. The House also received the first Muslim (Keith Ellison) and Buddhist (Hank Johnson and Mazie Hirono) members of Congress.

Major events

Members debated initiatives such as the Democrats' 100-Hour Plan and the Iraq War troop surge of 2007.

thumb|President Bush delivered the [[2007 State of the Union Address on January 23, 2007]]

thumb|President Bush delivered the [[2008 State of the Union Address on January 28, 2008]]

Support for the Iraq War

Following President Bush's 2007 State of the Union Address, Congress debated his proposal to create a troop surge to increase security in Iraq. The House of Representatives passed a non-binding measure opposing the surge and then a $124 billion emergency spending measure to fund the war, which included language that dictated troop levels and withdrawal schedules. President Bush, however, vetoed the bill as promised, making this his second veto while in office. Both houses of Congress subsequently passed a bill funding the war without timelines, but with benchmarks for the Iraqi government and money for other spending projects like disaster relief.

Other events

January 23, 2007: President Bush delivered the 2007 State of the Union Address
August 2, 2007: The Republican minority disputed the results of a vote to recommit. This led to an investigation by the House Select Committee on Voting Irregularities.
December 18, 2007: The Senate set a record for the most cloture votes.
January 2008: Start of the Great Recession
January 28, 2008: President Bush delivered the 2008 State of the Union Address
September 15, 2008: The 2008 financial crisis culminates in the Bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers.
November 4, 2008: General elections - Democrats increased their congressional majorities and Senator Barack Obama was elected president.

Major legislation

{| class="toc"

| Contents: Enacted Pending or failed Vetoed

These are partial lists of prominent enacted legislation and pending bills.

Enacted

February 2, 2007– House Page Board Revision Act of 2007, ,
May 25, 2007– U.S. Troop Readiness, Veterans' Care, Katrina Recovery, and Iraq Accountability Appropriations Act, 2007, , , including Title VIII: Fair Minimum Wage Act of 2007,
June 14, 2007– Preserving United States Attorney Independence Act of 2007, ,
July 26, 2007– Foreign Investment and National Security Act of 2007, ,
August 3, 2007– Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007, ,
August 5, 2007 — Protect America Act of 2007, ,
August 9, 2007 --- America COMPETES Act, Pub.L. 110-69
September 14, 2007– Honest Leadership and Open Government Act, ,
September 20, 2007 --- Native American $1 Coin Act, Pub.L. 110-82
September 27, 2007 --- Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110-85
November 8, 2007– Water Resources Development Act of 2007, , (Veto overridden)
December 19, 2007– Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, ,
December 20, 2007 --- Mortgage Forgiveness Debt Relief Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110-142
December 31, 2007 --- OPEN Government Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110-175
January 28, 2008 --- National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008, Pub.L. 110-181
February 13, 2008 — Economic Stimulus Act of 2008, ,
April 9, 2008 --- Second Chance Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110-199
April 24, 2008 --- Newborn Screening Saves Lives Act of 2007, Pub.L. 110-204
May 8, 2008 --- Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110-229
May 21, 2008– Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act, ,
May 22, 2008– Food and Energy Security Act of 2007 (2007 Farm Bill), , (Veto overridden)
June 18, 2008 --- Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110-246 (Veto overridden)
June 20, 2008 --- Federal Food Donation Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110-247
June 30, 2008– Supplemental Appropriations Act of 2008, , , including Title V: Post-9/11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2008 ("G.I. Bill 2008")
July 10, 2008 — FISA Amendments Act of 2008, ,
July 15, 2008 --- Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110-275 (Veto overridden)
July 29, 2008– Tom Lantos Block Burmese JADE (Junta's Anti-Democratic Efforts) Act of 2008, ,
July 29, 2008 --- Clean Boating Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110-288
July 30, 2008– Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, ,
August 14, 2008 --- Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act, Pub.L. 110-314
September 25, 2008 --- ADA Amendments Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110-325

thumb|House in [[Salinas, California under foreclosure, following the bursting of the U.S. real estate bubble.]]

October 3, 2008 — Public Law 110-343 (), , including:
Div. A: Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, ;
Div. B: Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008; and
Div. C: Tax Extenders and Alternative Minimum Tax Relief Act of 2008
October 7, 2008 --- Fostering Connections to Success and Increasing Adoptions Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110-351
October 8. 2008 --- India-United States Civil Nuclear Agreement, Pub.L. 110-369
October 13, 2008 --- PRO-IP Act, Pub.L. 110-403
October 13, 2008 --- Drug Trafficking Vessel Interdiction Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110-407
October 15, 2008 — : Setting the beginning of the first session of the 111th Congress and the date for counting Electoral College votes,
October 16, 2008 --- Passenger Rail Investment and Improvement Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110-432
December 2, 2008 --- Civil Rights Act of 1964 Commemorative Coin Act, Pub.L. 110-451
December 19, 2008 — : A Saxbe fix, reducing the compensation and other emoluments attached to the office of Secretary of State to that which was in effect on January 1, 2007: allowing Hillary Clinton to serve as Secretary of State despite the Ineligibility Clause of the United States Constitution.
December 23, 2008 --- America's Beautiful National Parks Quarter Dollar Coin Act of 2008, Pub.L. 110-456
December 23, 2008 --- Short-term Analog Flash and Emergency Readiness Act, Pub.L. 110-459

More information: Public Laws for the 110th Congress and Complete index of Public and Private Laws for 110th Congress at GPO

Proposed, but not enacted

<!--

Include only active (blue-linked) bills!!!!

-->:in (alphabetical order)

America's Climate Security Act of 2007
Auto Industry Financing and Restructuring Act
Community Broadband Bill
Community Choice Act
Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act of 2007
Deceptive Practices and Voter Intimidation Prevention Act
District of Columbia House Voting Rights Act of 2007
Employee Free Choice Act
Employment Non-Discrimination Act
Executive Branch Reform Act of 2007
FAIR USE Act
Family and Consumer Choice Act of 2007
Global Warming Pollution Reduction Act of 2007
Habeas Corpus Restoration Act of 2007
Homeowner's Defense Act
IDEA Fairness Restoration Act
Internet Radio Equality Act
Iran Sanctions Enhancement Act of 2007
Iraq War De-Escalation Act of 2007
Local Law Enforcement Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2007
Medicare Prescription Drug Price Negotiation Act of 2007
New Energy Reform Act of 2008
No Oil Producing and Exporting Cartels Act
Patent Reform Act of 2007
Personal Use of Marijuana by Responsible Adults Act of 2008
Public Safety Employer-Employee Cooperation Act of 2007
State Children's Health Insurance Program
State Secrets Protection Act
Violent Radicalization and Homegrown Terrorism Prevention Act of 2007

Vetoed

Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2007 (SCHIP, )
Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2007 (SCHIP, )
Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act ()
Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act of 2007 ()
Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008 ()

: an earlier version of National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008
: an earlier version of U.S. Troop Readiness, Veterans' Care, Katrina Recovery, and Iraq Accountability Appropriations Act, 2007

Treaties ratified

110-1: Land-Based Sources Protocol to Cartagena Convention (September 25, 2008)
110-2: Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks (December 7, 2007)
110-3: Tax Convention with Belgium (December 14, 2007)
110-4: International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism (September 25, 2008)
110-6: Amendment to Convention on Physical Protection of Nuclear Material (September 25, 2008)
110-8: Protocols of 2005 to the Convention concerning Safety of Maritime Navigation and to the Protocol concerning Safety of Fixed Platforms on the Continental Shelf (September 25, 2008)
110-9: Protocol of Amendments to Convention on International Hydrographic Organization (July 21, 2008)
110-11: Extradition Treaty with Romania and Protocol to the Treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters with Romania (September 23, 2008)
110-12: Extradition Treaty with Bulgaria and an Agreement on Certain Aspects of Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters with Bulgaria (September 23, 2008)
110-13: International Convention on Control of Harmful Anti-Fouling Systems on Ships, 2001 (September 26, 2008)
110-14: International Convention Against Doping in Sport (July 21, 2008)
110-15: Protocol Amending 1980 Tax Convention with Canada (September 23, 2008)
110-16: Amendments to the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union (Geneva, 1992) (September 25, 2008)
110-17: Tax Convention with Iceland (September 23, 2008)
110-18: Tax Convention with Bulgaria with Proposed Protocol of Amendment (September 23, 2008)
110-20: Protocols to the North Atlantic Treaty of 1949 on Accession of Albania and Croatia (September 25, 2008)

Select committees

Joint Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies
House Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming
House Select Committee on the Voting Irregularities of August 2, 2007

Hearings

Dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy hearings - (House and Senate Judiciary Committees)

Party summary

Senate

thumb|300px|

Membership changed with one death and two resignations.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

|- style="vertical-align:bottom;"

! rowspan=3 | Affiliation

! colspan=3 | Party <div style="font-size:80%">(Shading indicates majority caucus)</div>

! rowspan=3 | Total

|- style="height:5px"

| style="background-color:" |

! Democratic

! Independent<br/><small>(caucusing with<br/>Democrats)</small>

! Republican

! Vacant

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| End of previous Congress

| 44

| 1

| | 55

! 100

| 0

| colspan=6 |

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| Begin

| rowspan=5 | 49

| rowspan=6 | 2

| 49

! 100

| 0

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| June 4, 2007

| 48

! 99

| 1

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| June 25, 2007

| 49

! 100

| 0

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| December 18, 2007

| 48

! 99

| 1

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| December 31, 2007

| rowspan=2 | 49

! 100

| 0

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| November 16, 2008

| | 48

! 99

| 1

! Final voting share

! colspan=2 | 50.5%

! 49.5%

| colspan=2 |

| colspan=6 |

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| Beginning of the next Congress

| | 55

| | 2

| 41

! 98

| 2

House of Representatives

thumb|300px|Membership at the beginning of the 110th Congress:<br />

Membership fluctuated with seven deaths and eight resignations. Democrats achieved a net gain of three seats as a result of their victories in special elections. See Changes in membership, below.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|- style="vertical-align:bottom;"

! rowspan=3 | Affiliation

! colspan=2 | Party <div style="font-size:80%">(Shading indicates majority caucus)</div>

! rowspan=3 | Total

|- style="height:5px"

| style="background-color:" |

| style="background:black;"|

! Democratic

! Republican

! Vacant

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| End of previous Congress

| 203

| | 229

! 432

| 3

| colspan=6 |

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| Begin

| rowspan=2 | 233

| 202

! 435

| 0

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| February 13, 2007

| rowspan=3 | 201

! 434

| 1

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| April 22, 2007

| | 232

! 433

| 2

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| July 1, 2007

| rowspan=2 | 231

! 432

| 3

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| July 17, 2007

| rowspan=2 | 202

! 433

| 2

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| August 21, 2007

| rowspan=3 | 232

! 434

| 1

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| September 5, 2007

| 201

! 433

| 2

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| October 6, 2007

| rowspan=2 | 200

! 432

| 3

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| October 16, 2007

| rowspan=3 | 233

! 433

| 2

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| November 26, 2007

| 199

! 432

| 3

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| December 11, 2007

| rowspan=2 | 201

! 434

| 1

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| December 15, 2007

| rowspan=4 | 232

! 433

| 2

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| December 31, 2007

| 200

! 432

| 3

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| January 14, 2008

| 199

! 431

| 4

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| February 2, 2008

| rowspan=5 | 198

! 430

| 5

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| February 11, 2008

| | 231

! 429

| 6

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| March 8, 2008

| | 232

! 430

| 5

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| March 11, 2008

| | 233

! 431

| 4

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| April 8, 2008

| | 234

! 432

| 3

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| May 3, 2008

| | 235

| rowspan=6 | 199

! 434

| 1

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| May 13, 2008

| | 236

! 435

| 0

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| May 31, 2008

| | 235

! 434

| 1

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| June 17, 2008

| | 236

! 435

| 0

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| August 20, 2008

| | 235

! 434

| 1

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| November 18, 2008

|rowspan=2 | 236

! 435

| 0

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| November 24, 2008

| rowspan=2 | 198

! 434

| 1

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| January 2, 2009

| | 235

! 433

| 2

! Final voting share

! | 54.3%

! 45.7%

! style=font-size:80% | Non-voting members

| | 4

| 1

! 5

| 0

| colspan=6 |

! style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:80%;"| Beginning of next Congress

| | 256

| 178

! 434

| 1

Leadership

Senate

President: Dick Cheney (R)
President pro tempore: Robert Byrd (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Majority Leader and Democratic Conference Chairman: Harry Reid
Assistant Majority Leader (Majority Whip): Dick Durbin
Democratic Conference Vice Chairman and Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Chuck Schumer
Democratic Conference Secretary: Patty Murray
Policy Committee Chairman: Byron Dorgan
Steering and Outreach Committee Chairwoman: Debbie Stabenow
Committee Outreach Chairman: Jeff Bingaman
Committee Outreach Vice Chairwoman: Hillary Clinton
Rural Outreach Chairwoman: Blanche Lincoln
Chief Deputy Whip: Barbara Boxer
Deputy Whips: Tom Carper, Bill Nelson, Russ Feingold

Minority (Republican) leadership

Minority Leader: Mitch McConnell
Assistant Minority Leader (Minority Whip): Trent Lott, until December 18, 2007
Jon Kyl, from December 18, 2007
Counselor to the Minority Leader: Bob Bennett
Republican Conference Chairman: Jon Kyl, until December 18, 2007
Lamar Alexander, from December 18, 2007
Policy Committee Chairman: Kay Bailey Hutchison
Republican Conference Vice Chairman: John Cornyn
National Republican Senatorial Committee Chairman: John Ensign
Chief Deputy Whip: John Thune

House of Representatives

Speaker: Nancy Pelosi (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Majority Leader: Steny Hoyer
Majority Whip: Jim Clyburn
Senior Chief Deputy Majority Whip: John Lewis
Chief Deputy Majority Whips: Debbie Wasserman Schultz, G. K. Butterfield, Joseph Crowley, Diana DeGette, Ed Pastor, Jan Schakowsky, John S. Tanner, and Maxine Waters
Democratic Caucus Chairman: Rahm Emanuel
Democratic Caucus Vice-Chairman: John Larson
Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Chris Van Hollen
Democratic Steering/Policy Committee Co-Chairs: Rosa DeLauro for Steering and George Miller for Policy

Minority (Republican) leadership

Minority Leader: John Boehner
Minority Whip: Roy Blunt
Chief Deputy Minority Whip: Eric Cantor
Republican Conference Chairman: Adam Putnam
Republican Policy Committee Chairman: Thad McCotter
Republican Conference Vice-Chair: Kay Granger
Republican Conference Secretary: John Carter
Republican Campaign Committee Chairman: Tom Cole
Ranking Member of the House Rules Committee: David Dreier

Members

: Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators are listed by state, then by class, In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 2008; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 2010; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 2012.

Alabama

: 2. Jeff Sessions (R)

: 3. Richard Shelby (R)

Alaska

: 2. Ted Stevens (R)

: 3. Lisa Murkowski (R)

Arizona

: 1. Jon Kyl (R)

: 3. John McCain (R)

Arkansas

: 2. Mark Pryor (D)

: 3. Blanche Lincoln (D)

California

: 1. Dianne Feinstein (D)

: 3. Barbara Boxer (D)

Colorado

: 2. Wayne Allard (R)

: 3. Ken Salazar (D)

Connecticut

: 1. Joe Lieberman (ID)

: 3. Chris Dodd (D)

Delaware

: 1. Tom Carper (D)

: 2. Joe Biden (D)

Florida

: 1. Bill Nelson (D)

: 3. Mel Martinez (R)

Georgia

: 2. Saxby Chambliss (R)

: 3. Johnny Isakson (R)

Hawaii

: 1. Daniel Akaka (D)

: 3. Daniel Inouye (D)

Idaho

: 2. Larry Craig (R)

: 3. Mike Crapo (R)

Illinois

: 2. Dick Durbin (D)

: 3. Barack Obama (D), until November 16, 2008, vacant thereafter

Indiana

: 1. Richard Lugar (R)

: 3. Evan Bayh (D)

Iowa

: 2. Tom Harkin (D)

: 3. Chuck Grassley (R)

Kansas

: 2. Pat Roberts (R)

: 3. Sam Brownback (R)

Kentucky

: 2. Mitch McConnell (R)

: 3. Jim Bunning (R)

Louisiana

: 2. Mary Landrieu (D)

: 3. David Vitter (R)

Maine

: 1. Olympia Snowe (R)

: 2. Susan Collins (R)

Maryland

: 1. Ben Cardin (D)

: 3. Barbara Mikulski (D)

Massachusetts

: 1. Ted Kennedy (D)

: 2. John Kerry (D)

Michigan

: 1. Debbie Stabenow (D)

: 2. Carl Levin (D)

Minnesota

: 1. Amy Klobuchar (DFL)

: 2. Norm Coleman (R)

Mississippi

: 1. Trent Lott (R), until December 18, 2007

:: Roger Wicker (R), from December 31, 2007

: 2. Thad Cochran (R)

Missouri

: 1. Claire McCaskill (D)

: 3. Kit Bond (R)

Montana

: 1. Jon Tester (D)

: 2. Max Baucus (D)

Nebraska

: 1. Ben Nelson (D)

: 2. Chuck Hagel (R)

Nevada

: 1. John Ensign (R)

: 3. Harry Reid (D)

New Hampshire

: 2. John E. Sununu (R)

: 3. Judd Gregg (R)

New Jersey

: 1. Bob Menendez (D)

: 2. Frank Lautenberg (D)

New Mexico

: 1. Jeff Bingaman (D)

: 2. Pete Domenici (R)

New York

: 1. Hillary Clinton (D)

: 3. Chuck Schumer (D)

North Carolina

: 2. Elizabeth Dole (R)

: 3. Richard Burr (R)

North Dakota

: 1. Kent Conrad (D-NPL)

: 3. Byron Dorgan (D-NPL)

Ohio

: 1. Sherrod Brown (D)

: 3. George Voinovich (R)

Oklahoma

: 2. Jim Inhofe (R)

: 3. Tom Coburn (R)

Oregon

: 2. Gordon H. Smith (R)

: 3. Ron Wyden (D)

Pennsylvania

: 1. Bob Casey Jr. (D)

: 3. Arlen Specter (R)

Rhode Island

: 1. Sheldon Whitehouse (D)

: 2. Jack Reed (D)

South Carolina

: 2. Lindsey Graham (R)

: 3. Jim DeMint (R)

South Dakota

: 2. Tim Johnson (D)

: 3. John Thune (R)

Tennessee

: 1. Bob Corker (R)

: 2. Lamar Alexander (R)

Texas

: 1. Kay Bailey Hutchison (R)

: 2. John Cornyn (R)

Utah

: 1. Orrin Hatch (R)

: 3. Bob Bennett (R)

Vermont

: 1. Bernie Sanders (I)

: 3. Patrick Leahy (D)

Virginia

: 1. Jim Webb (D)

: 2. John Warner (R)

Washington

: 1. Maria Cantwell (D)

: 3. Patty Murray (D)

West Virginia

: 1. Robert Byrd (D)

: 2. Jay Rockefeller (D)

Wisconsin

: 1. Herb Kohl (D)

: 3. Russ Feingold (D)

Wyoming

: 1. Craig Thomas (R), until June 4, 2007

:: John Barrasso (R), from June 22, 2007

: 2. Mike Enzi (R)

[[File:110th United States Congress Senators.svg|thumb|375px|Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 110th Congress in January 2007

]]

thumb|350px|Senators in the 110th Congress

thumb|175px|Senate Majority Leader<br />[[Harry Reid (D)]]

thumb|175px|Senate Minority Leader<br />[[Mitch McConnell (R)]]

thumb|175px|Senate Majority Whip<br />[[Dick Durbin (D)]]

thumb|175px|Senate Minority Whip, until December 18, 2007<br />[[Trent Lott (R)]]

thumb|175px|Senate Minority Whip, from December 18, 2007<br />[[Jon Kyl (R)]]

House of Representatives

Alabama

: . Jo Bonner (R)

: . Terry Everett (R)

: . Mike D. Rogers (R)

: . Robert Aderholt (R)

: . Bud Cramer (D)

: . Spencer Bachus (R)

: . Artur Davis (D)

Alaska

: . Don Young (R)

Arizona

: . Rick Renzi (R)

: . Trent Franks (R)

: . John Shadegg (R)

: . Ed Pastor (D)

: . Harry Mitchell (D)

: . Jeff Flake (R)

: . Raúl Grijalva (D)

: . Gabby Giffords (D)

Arkansas

: . Robert Marion Berry (D)

: . Vic Snyder (D)

: . John Boozman (R)

: . Mike Ross (D)

California

: . Mike Thompson (D)

: . Wally Herger (R)

: . Dan Lungren (R)

: . John Doolittle (R)

: . Doris Matsui (D)

: . Lynn Woolsey (D)

: . George Miller (D)

: . Nancy Pelosi (D)

: . Barbara Lee (D)

: . Ellen Tauscher (D)

: . Jerry McNerney (D)

: . Tom Lantos (D), until February 11, 2008

:: Jackie Speier (D), from April 8, 2008

: . Pete Stark (D)

: . Anna Eshoo (D)

: . Mike Honda (D)

: . Zoe Lofgren (D)

: . Sam Farr (D)

: . Dennis Cardoza (D)

: . George Radanovich (R)

: . Jim Costa (D)

: . Devin Nunes (R)

: . Kevin McCarthy (R)

: . Lois Capps (D)

: . Elton Gallegly (R)

: . Buck McKeon (R)

: . David Dreier (R)

: . Brad Sherman (D)

: . Howard Berman (D)

: . Adam Schiff (D)

: . Henry Waxman (D)

: . Xavier Becerra (D)

: . Hilda Solis (D)

: . Diane Watson (D)

: . Lucille Roybal-Allard (D)

: . Maxine Waters (D)

: . Jane Harman (D)

: . Juanita Millender-McDonald (D), until April 22, 2007

:: Laura Richardson (D), from August 21, 2007

: . Grace Napolitano (D)

: . Linda Sánchez (D)

: . Ed Royce (R)

: . Jerry Lewis (R)

: . Gary Miller (R)

: . Joe Baca (D)

: . Ken Calvert (R)

: . Mary Bono (R)

: . Dana Rohrabacher (R)

: . Loretta Sanchez (D)

: . John Campbell (R)

: . Darrell Issa (R)

: . Brian Bilbray (R)

: . Bob Filner (D)

: . Duncan L. Hunter (R)

: . Susan Davis (D)

Colorado

: . Diana DeGette (D)

: . Mark Udall (D)

: . John Salazar (D)

: . Marilyn Musgrave (R)

: . Doug Lamborn (R)

: . Tom Tancredo (R)

: . Ed Perlmutter (D)

Connecticut

: . John Larson (D)

: . Joe Courtney (D)

: . Rosa DeLauro (D)

: . Chris Shays (R)

: . Chris Murphy (D)

Delaware

: . Mike Castle (R)

Florida

: . Jeff Miller (R)

: . Allen Boyd (D)

: . Corrine Brown (D)

: . Ander Crenshaw (R)

: . Ginny Brown-Waite (R)

: . Cliff Stearns (R)

: . John Mica (R)

: . Ric Keller (R)

: . Gus Bilirakis (R)

: . Bill Young (R)

: . Kathy Castor (D)

: . Adam Putnam (R)

: . Vern Buchanan (R)

: . Connie Mack IV (R)

: . Dave Weldon (R)

: . Tim Mahoney (D)

: . Kendrick Meek (D)

: . Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R)

: . Robert Wexler (D)

: . Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D)

: . Lincoln Diaz-Balart (R)

: . Ron Klein (D)

: . Alcee Hastings (D)

: . Tom Feeney (R)

: . Mario Diaz-Balart (R)

Georgia

: . Jack Kingston (R)

: . Sanford Bishop (D)

: . Lynn Westmoreland (R)

: . Hank Johnson (D)

: . John Lewis (D)

: . Tom Price (R)

: . John Linder (R)

: . Jim Marshall (D)

: . Nathan Deal (R)

: . Charlie Norwood (R), until February 13, 2007

:: Paul Broun (R), from July 17, 2007

: . Phil Gingrey (R)

: . John Barrow (D)

: . David Scott (D)

Hawaii

: . Neil Abercrombie (D)

: . Mazie Hirono (D)

Idaho

: . Bill Sali (R)

: . Mike Simpson (R)

Illinois

: . Bobby Rush (D)

: . Jesse Jackson Jr. (D)

: . Dan Lipinski (D)

: . Luis Gutiérrez (D)

: . Rahm Emanuel (D), until January 2, 2009, vacant thereafter

: . Peter Roskam (R)

: . Danny K. Davis (D)

: . Melissa Bean (D)

: . Jan Schakowsky (D)

: . Mark Kirk (R)

: . Jerry Weller (R)

: . Jerry Costello (D)

: . Judy Biggert (R)

: . Dennis Hastert (R), until November 26, 2007

:: Bill Foster (D), from March 8, 2008

: . Timothy V. Johnson (R)

: . Don Manzullo (R)

: . Philip Hare (D)

: . Ray LaHood (R)

: . John Shimkus (R)

Indiana

: . Pete Visclosky (D)

: . Joe Donnelly (D)

: . Mark Souder (R)

: . Steve Buyer (R)

: . Dan Burton (R)

: . Mike Pence (R)

: . Julia Carson (D), until December 15, 2007

:: André Carson (D), from March 11, 2008

: . Brad Ellsworth (D)

: . Baron Hill (D)

Iowa

: . Bruce Braley (D)

: . David Loebsack (D)

: . Leonard Boswell (D)

: . Tom Latham (R)

: . Steve King (R)

Kansas

: . Jerry Moran (R)

: . Nancy Boyda (D)

: . Dennis Moore (D)

: . Todd Tiahrt (R)

Kentucky

: . Ed Whitfield (R)

: . Ron Lewis (R)

: . John Yarmuth (D)

: . Geoff Davis (R)

: . Hal Rogers (R)

: . Ben Chandler (D)

Louisiana

: . Bobby Jindal (R), until January 14, 2008

:: Steve Scalise (R), from May 3, 2008

: . William J. Jefferson (D)

: . Charlie Melançon (D)

: . Jim McCrery (R)

: . Rodney Alexander (R)

: . Richard Baker (R), until February 2, 2008

:: Don Cazayoux (D), from May 3, 2008

: . Charles Boustany (R)

Maine

: . Tom Allen (D)

: . Mike Michaud (D)

Maryland

: . Wayne Gilchrest (R)

: . Dutch Ruppersberger (D)

: . John Sarbanes (D)

: . Albert Wynn (D), until May 31, 2008

:: Donna Edwards (D), from June 17, 2008

: . Steny Hoyer (D)

: . Roscoe Bartlett (R)

: . Elijah Cummings (D)

: . Chris Van Hollen (D)

Massachusetts

: . John Olver (D)

: . Richard Neal (D)

: . Jim McGovern (D)

: . Barney Frank (D)

: . Marty Meehan (D), until July 1, 2007

:: Niki Tsongas (D), from October 16, 2007

: . John F. Tierney (D)

: . Ed Markey (D)

: . Mike Capuano (D)

: . Stephen Lynch (D)

: . Bill Delahunt (D)

Michigan

: . Bart Stupak (D)

: . Peter Hoekstra (R)

: . Vern Ehlers (R)

: . Dave Camp (R)

: . Dale Kildee (D)

: . Fred Upton (R)

: . Tim Walberg (R)

: . Mike Rogers (R)

: . Joe Knollenberg (R)

: . Candice Miller (R)

: . Thaddeus McCotter (R)

: . Sander Levin (D)

: . Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick (D)

: . John Conyers (D)

: . John Dingell (D)

Minnesota

: . Tim Walz (DFL)

: . John Kline (R)

: . Jim Ramstad (R)

: . Betty McCollum (DFL)

: . Keith Ellison (DFL)

: . Michele Bachmann (R)

: . Collin Peterson (DFL)

: . Jim Oberstar (DFL)

Mississippi

: . Roger Wicker (R), until December 31, 2007

:: Travis Childers (D), from May 13, 2008

: . Bennie Thompson (D)

: . Chip Pickering (R)

: . Gene Taylor (D)

Missouri

: . Lacy Clay (D)

: . Todd Akin (R)

: . Russ Carnahan (D)

: . Ike Skelton (D)

: . Emanuel Cleaver (D)

: . Sam Graves (R)

: . Roy Blunt (R)

: . Jo Ann Emerson (R)

: . Kenny Hulshof (R)

Montana

: . Denny Rehberg (R)

Nebraska

: . Jeff Fortenberry (R)

: . Lee Terry (R)

: . Adrian Smith (R)

Nevada

: . Shelley Berkley (D)

: . Dean Heller (R)

: . Jon Porter (R)

New Hampshire

: . Carol Shea-Porter (D)

: . Paul Hodes (D)

New Jersey

: . Rob Andrews (D)

: . Frank LoBiondo (R)

: . Jim Saxton (R)

: . Chris Smith (R)

: . Scott Garrett (R)

: . Frank Pallone (D)

: . Mike Ferguson (R)

: . Bill Pascrell (D)

: . Steve Rothman (D)

: . Donald M. Payne (D)

: . Rodney Frelinghuysen (R)

: . Rush Holt Jr. (D)

: . Albio Sires (D)

New Mexico

: . Heather Wilson (R)

: . Steve Pearce (R)

: . Tom Udall (D)

New York

: . Tim Bishop (D)

: . Steve Israel (D)

: . Peter T. King (R)

: . Carolyn McCarthy (D)

: . Gary Ackerman (D)

: . Gregory Meeks (D)

: . Joe Crowley (D)

: . Jerry Nadler (D)

: . Anthony Weiner (D)

: . Edolphus Towns (D)

: . Yvette Clarke (D)

: . Nydia Velázquez (D)

: . Vito Fossella (R)

: . Carolyn Maloney (D)

: . Charles Rangel (D)

: . José E. Serrano (D)

: . Eliot Engel (D)

: . Nita Lowey (D)

: . John Hall (D)

: . Kirsten Gillibrand (D)

: . Michael R. McNulty (D)

: . Maurice Hinchey (D)

: . John M. McHugh (R)

: . Michael Arcuri (D)

: . James T. Walsh (R)

: . Thomas M. Reynolds (R)

: . Brian Higgins (D)

: . Louise Slaughter (D)

: . Randy Kuhl (R)

North Carolina

: . G. K. Butterfield (D)

: . Bob Etheridge (D)

: . Walter B. Jones (R)

: . David Price (D)

: . Virginia Foxx (R)

: . Howard Coble (R)

: . Mike McIntyre (D)

: . Robin Hayes (R)

: . Sue Wilkins Myrick (R)

: . Patrick McHenry (R)

: . Heath Shuler (D)

: . Mel Watt (D)

: . Brad Miller (D)

North Dakota

: . Earl Pomeroy (D-NPL)

Ohio

: . Steve Chabot (R)

: . Jean Schmidt (R)

: . Mike Turner (R)

: . Jim Jordan (R)

: . Paul Gillmor (R), until September 5, 2007

:: Bob Latta (R), from December 11, 2007

: . Charlie Wilson (D)

: . Dave Hobson (R)

: . John A. Boehner (R)

: . Marcy Kaptur (D)

: . Dennis Kucinich (D)

: . Stephanie Tubbs Jones (D), until August 20, 2008

:: Marcia Fudge (D), from November 18, 2008

: . Pat Tiberi (R)

: . Betty Sutton (D)

: . Steve LaTourette (R)

: . Deborah Pryce (R)

: . Ralph Regula (R)

: . Tim Ryan (D)

: . Zack Space (D)

Oklahoma

: . John Sullivan (R)

: . Dan Boren (D)

: . Frank Lucas (R)

: . Tom Cole (R)

: . Mary Fallin (R)

Oregon

: . David Wu (D)

: . Greg Walden (R)

: . Earl Blumenauer (D)

: . Peter DeFazio (D)

: . Darlene Hooley (D)

Pennsylvania

: . Bob Brady (D)

: . Chaka Fattah (D)

: . Phil English (R)

: . Jason Altmire (D)

: . John E. Peterson (R)

: . Jim Gerlach (R)

: . Joe Sestak (D)

: . Patrick Murphy (D)

: . Bill Shuster (R)

: . Chris Carney (D)

: . Paul E. Kanjorski (D)

: . John Murtha (D)

: . Allyson Schwartz (D)

: . Michael F. Doyle (D)

: . Charlie Dent (R)

: . Joseph R. Pitts (R)

: . Tim Holden (D)

: . Tim Murphy (R)

: . Todd Platts (R)

Rhode Island

: . Patrick J. Kennedy (D)

: . James Langevin (D)

South Carolina

: . Henry E. Brown Jr. (R)

: . Joe Wilson (R)

: . Gresham Barrett (R)

: . Bob Inglis (R)

: . John Spratt (D)

: . Jim Clyburn (D)

South Dakota

: . Stephanie Herseth Sandlin (D)

Tennessee

: . David Davis (R)

: . Jimmy Duncan (R)

: . Zach Wamp (R)

: . Lincoln Davis (D)

: . Jim Cooper (D)

: . Bart Gordon (D)

: . Marsha Blackburn (R)

: . John S. Tanner (D)

: . Steve Cohen (D)

Texas

: . Louie Gohmert (R)

: . Ted Poe (R)

: . Sam Johnson (R)

: . Ralph Hall (R)

: . Jeb Hensarling (R)

: . Joe Barton (R)

: . John Culberson (R)

: . Kevin Brady (R)

: . Al Green (D)

: . Michael McCaul (R)

: . Mike Conaway (R)

: . Kay Granger (R)

: . Mac Thornberry (R)

: . Ron Paul (R)

: . Rubén Hinojosa (D)

: . Silvestre Reyes (D)

: . Chet Edwards (D)

: . Sheila Jackson-Lee (D)

: . Randy Neugebauer (R)

: . Charlie Gonzalez (D)

: . Lamar S. Smith (R)

: . Nick Lampson (D)

: . Ciro Rodriguez (D)

: . Kenny Marchant (R)

: . Lloyd Doggett (D)

: . Michael C. Burgess (R)

: . Solomon P. Ortiz (D)

: . Henry Cuellar (D)

: . Gene Green (D)

: . Eddie Bernice Johnson (D)

: . John Carter (R)

: . Pete Sessions (R)

Utah

: . Rob Bishop (R)

: . Jim Matheson (D)

: . Chris Cannon (R)

Vermont

: . Peter Welch (D)

Virginia

: . Jo Ann Davis (R), until October 6, 2007

:: Rob Wittman (R), from December 11, 2007

: . Thelma Drake (R)

: . Robert C. Scott (D)

: . Randy Forbes (R)

: . Virgil Goode (R)

: . Bob Goodlatte (R)

: . Eric Cantor (R)

: . Jim Moran (D)

: . Rick Boucher (D)

: . Frank Wolf (R)

: . Tom Davis (R), until November 24, 2008, vacant thereafter

Washington

: . Jay Inslee (D)

: . Rick Larsen (D)

: . Brian Baird (D)

: . Doc Hastings (R)

: . Cathy McMorris Rodgers (R)

: . Norm Dicks (D)

: . Jim McDermott (D)

: . Dave Reichert (R)

: . Adam Smith (D)

West Virginia

: . Alan Mollohan (D)

: . Shelley Moore Capito (R)

: . Nick Rahall (D)

Wisconsin

: . Paul Ryan (R)

: . Tammy Baldwin (D)

: . Ron Kind (D)

: . Gwen Moore (D)

: . Jim Sensenbrenner (R)

: . Tom Petri (R)

: . Dave Obey (D)

: . Steve Kagen (D)

Wyoming

: . Barbara Cubin (R)

Non-voting members

: . Eni Faleomavaega (D)

: . Eleanor Holmes Norton (D)

: . Madeleine Bordallo (D)

: . Luis G. Fortuño (Resident Commissioner) (R/PNP), until January 2, 2009, vacant thereafter

: . Donna Christian-Christensen (D)

thumb|350px|Initial percentage of members of the House of Representatives from each party by state at the opening of the 110th Congress in January 2007.

Changes in membership

Senate

There were two resignations and one death.

<!--

SORT by the date the seat became vacant

-->

| Wyoming (1)

| | Craig Thomas (R)

| Died June 4, 2007. Successor appointed June 22, 2007, and then elected to finish the term ending January 3, 2013.

| | John Barrasso (R)

| June 22, 2007

| colspan=2 | Vacant until the next Congress.

House of Representatives

<!--

Sorted Chronologically by date of vacancy

-->

| Georgia 10th

| | Charlie Norwood (R)

| Died February 13, 2007. A special election was held June 19, 2007.

| | Paul Broun (R)

| July 17, 2007

| California 37th

| | Juanita Millender-McDonald (D)

| Died April 22, 2007. A special election was held August 21, 2007.

| | Laura Richardson (D)

| August 21, 2007

| Massachusetts 5th

| | Marty Meehan (D)

| Resigned July 1, 2007, to become Chancellor of University of Massachusetts Lowell.<br/>A special election was held October 16, 2007.

| | Niki Tsongas (D)

| October 16, 2007

| Ohio 5th

| | Paul Gillmor (R)

| Died September 5, 2007. A special election was held November 6, 2007.

| | Bob Latta (R)

| December 11, 2007

| Virginia 1st

| | Jo Ann Davis (R)

| Died October 6, 2007. A special election was held December 11, 2007.

| | Rob Wittman (R)

| December 11, 2007

| Illinois 14th

| | Dennis Hastert (R)

| Resigned November 26, 2007. A special election was held March 8, 2008.

| | Bill Foster (D)

| March 8, 2008

| Indiana 7th

| | Julia Carson (D)

| Died December 15, 2007. A special election was held March 11, 2008.

| | André Carson (D)

| March 11, 2008

| Mississippi 1st

| | Roger Wicker (R)

| Resigned December 31, 2007, when appointed U.S. Senator.<br/>A special election was held May 13, 2008.

| | Travis Childers (D)

| May 13, 2008

| Louisiana 1st

| | Bobby Jindal (R)

| Resigned January 14, 2008, to become Governor of Louisiana.<br/>A special election was held May 3, 2008.

| | Steve Scalise (R)

| May 3, 2008

| Louisiana 6th

| | Richard Baker (R)

| Resigned February 2, 2008, to become President of the Managed Funds Association.<br/>A special election was held May 3, 2008.

| | Don Cazayoux (D)

| May 3, 2008

| California 12th

| | Tom Lantos (D)

| Died February 11, 2008. A special election was held April 8, 2008.

| | Jackie Speier (D)

| April 8, 2008

| Maryland 4th

| | Albert Wynn (D)

| Resigned May 31, 2008, having lost re-nomination.<br/>A special election was held June 17, 2008.

| | Donna Edwards (D)

| June 17, 2008

| Ohio 11th

| | Stephanie Tubbs Jones (D)

| Died August 20, 2008. A special election was held November 18, 2008.

| | Marcia Fudge (D)

| November 18, 2008

| Virginia 11th

| | Thomas M. Davis (R)

| Resigned November 24, 2008, in advance of his retirement.<br/>Seat remained vacant for the remainder of this Congress.

| colspan=2 rowspan=3 | None.

| Illinois 5th

| | Rahm Emanuel (D)

| Resigned January 2, 2009, to become White House Chief of Staff.

Secretary for the Minority: David J. Schiappa

House of Representatives

Chaplain: Daniel P. Coughlin (Roman Catholic)
Chief Administrative Officer: James M. Eagen III (through February 15, 2007)
Daniel P. Beard (February 15, 2007 – end)
Clerk: Karen L. Haas, until February 15, 2007
Lorraine Miller, elected February 15, 2007