"(You Drive Me) Crazy" is a song by American singer Britney Spears from her debut studio album, ...Baby One More Time (1999). Written and produced by Max Martin, Per Magnusson and David Kreuger with additional writing by Jörgen Elofsson and remix by Martin and Rami Yacoub, it was released as the album's third single on August 24, 1999, by Jive Records. It was featured on the soundtrack of the 1999 teen romantic comedy film Drive Me Crazy. The song garnered positive reviews from music critics, some of whom praised its simple formula and noted similarities to Spears's debut single, "...Baby One More Time".
"(You Drive Me) Crazy" was a commercial success and peaked inside the top ten on the singles charts of seventeen countries. In the United Kingdom, it became Spears's third consecutive single to peak inside the top five, while it reached number ten in the United States's Billboard Hot 100 and peaked at number one in Belgium (Wallonia) and Iceland. An accompanying music video, directed by Nigel Dick, portrays Spears as a waitress of a dance club and she performs a highly choreographed dance routine with the other waitresses. The video premiered on an episode MTV's Making the Video. It features cameo appearances by actors Melissa Joan Hart and Adrian Grenier, who star in the movie Drive Me Crazy, which is named for the song. As part of promotion for the song, Spears performed the song at the 1999 MTV Europe Music Awards and 1999 Billboard Music Awards. It has also been included on five of her concert tours.
Background and release
Before recording her debut album ...Baby One More Time, Britney Spears had originally envisioned it in style of "Sheryl Crow music, but younger [and] more adult contemporary".
"(You Drive Me) Crazy" was written by Jörgen Elofsson, while song production and additional songwriting was done by Martin, Per Magnusson and David Kreuger.
In May 1999, Martin and Spears went to the Battery Studios in New York City, New York, to re-record the vocals of the track, due to the fact that a remixed version called "The Stop Remix!" (named for a part in which Spears shouts "Stop!") was going to be included on the original motion picture soundtrack of the film Drive Me Crazy (1999). "(You Drive Me) Crazy" was released as a remix package as the third single from ...Baby One More Time on August 23, 1999.
Composition
"(You Drive Me) Crazy" is a pop song. The song's composition follows a simple formula and infuses drums, guitar, and edgy synthesized instruments, including a recurring cowbell, and having a roughly similar sound to Spears's debut single "...Baby One More Time" (1999). According to the sheet music published at Musicnotes.com by Universal Music Publishing Group, "(You Drive Me) Crazy" is composed in the key of C minor and runs through a moderately slow dance beat infused metronome of 101 beats per minute. Spears's vocals were deemed as heavily processed when compared to the ones of her previous single, "Sometimes". Her vocal range spans over an octave, from the low-key of G<small>3</small> to the high-note of D<small>5</small>. The song's primary chord progression is Cm–A-G (i-bVI-V), with a few deviations. Spence D. of IGN considered "(You Drive Me) Crazy" a "[Max] Martin's glossy grown-up pop" song, while Caryn Ganz of Rolling Stone called "(You Drive Me) Crazy" a "further hit" from ...Baby One More Time, along with "From the Bottom of My Broken Heart" and "Sometimes". Music critic Walt Mueller wrote "When Spears starts to sing on this one, she sounds a lot like Janet Jackson". Christy Lemire of the Associated Press noted that the song and "Stronger" are "so lamely feel-good" tracks that they "could have been the theme song to a Karate Kid sequel". Evan Sawdey of PopMatters called it a "lightly dorky" song, and Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic deemed it as a "fluffy dance-pop at its best". In a list compiled by Sara Anderson of AOL Radio, "(You Drive Me) Crazy" was ranked ninth in a list of Spears's best songs. During the 2001 BMI Pop Awards, "(You Drive Me) Crazy" was honored with the award of Most Performed BMI Song.
While reviewing ...Baby One More Time on its 20th anniversary, Billboards Chuck Arnold felt that "sparkling with the Midas touch of Max Martin, 'Crazy' perfectly captures the crazy giddiness of young love -- the kind that keeps you up all night". The staff from Entertainment Weekly placed it at number 22 on their ranking of Spears's songs and wrote: "highlighted by her overpronunciation of "you", bell rings, and a backup choir that turns the chorus into a massive singalong. ['(You Drive Me) Crazy'] captures Spears at full force, with a robust vocal performance and an ab-emphasizing choreographed dance, remembered best through its music video". Bustles Alex Kritelis Reilly preferred the Stop remix over the original album version. Nayer Nissim, from Pink News, deemed it "another perfect bit of late '90s pop. Very nearly as catchy as her debut". Shannon Barbour from Cosmopolitan opined that it was "not her best song, but it's insanely addictive". Nicholas Hautman, from Us Weekly, deemed it the singer's ninth greatest single and said: "This quasi-dorky dance track can be easily summed up using just three words: pure ear candy". For Digital Spy's Alim Kheraj, the most notable thing was the song's prominent use of cowbells; "backed up by rock guitars and flawless Max Martin production, Britney sounds confident, her vocals clear and powerful". In 2019, the staff of Billboard ranked the "Stop Remix!" as the 39th greatest song of 1999; Nolan Feeney said that although it was "hardly unrecognizable", Spears's re-recorded vocals, the song's new intro and "her headline 'Stop!' interjection in the reimagined bridge made it something truly worth losing your mind over".
Chart performance
left|thumb|Spears performing "(You Drive Me) Crazy" during the [[Dream Within a Dream Tour, 2001|alt=Image of a blond female performer. She is turning her back to the camera, near the end of the stage. She is wearing black pants and a black top with long sleeves, showing her midriff. In front of her, a female dancer is climbing into a pole. A crowd of people clapping, screaming and taking pictures stands can be seen in the audience.]]
"(You Drive Me) Crazy" was a commercial success. The song peaked at number two on the European Hot 100 Singles, being held off the top spot by R. Kelly's "If I Could Turn Back the Hands of Time". The track debuted and peaked at number five on the chart issue dated October 2, 1999, and stayed on the chart for a total of eleven weeks. The song peaked at number two in France and number four in Germany, being certified gold in both countries for shipping over 250,000 units. On the same week, it peaked at number four on the Pop Songs component chart. To promote the film Drive Me Crazy, actors Adrian Grenier and Melissa Joan Hart were invited to make cameo appearances in the video, since the song had been included on the film's soundtrack, however, Grenier did not want to participate. Due to Hart's appearance in the music video, parts of it were featured in the credits of "No Place Like Home", the season 4 premiere of Sabrina the Teenage Witch, an episode that guest starred Spears.
The video opens with Spears as a waitress of a dance club. It is the longest running by a female artist on TRL, staying on the top ten for seventy-three days. Alternate footage of the video can be found on the DVD of Spears' first compilation album Greatest Hits: My Prerogative (2004). Jennifer Vineyard of MTV commented, "the alternate audio gives the feel of Spears singing the song as a round, where the beat is in sync but one layer of her vocals is just slightly ahead of the other."
Live performances and covers
thumb|left|200px|Spears performing "(You Drive Me) Crazy" at her Las Vegas residency show, [[Britney: Piece of Me, in February 2016]]
Spears performed the song for the very first time at her L'Oreal Hair Zone Mall Tour in New York City, USA on July 1, 1998. As part of promotion for "(You Drive Me) Crazy"s release as a single, Spears performed it at the 1999 MTV Europe Music Awards and at the 1999 Billboard Music Awards. It was also performed on five concert tours, the first being the ...Baby One More Time Tour (1999). The show began with a dance introduction by Spears' dancers among smoke effects. She appeared shortly after at the top of the staircase wearing a hot pink vinyl tube top and white vinyl pants with pink knee patches. She then entered one of the lockers and appeared in another one on the opposite side of the stage to perform "(You Drive Me) Crazy", which included a chair dance sequence referencing Janet Jackson's "Miss You Much" music video that ended with Spears saying "Is that the end?", quoting Jackson's phrase from the video. The song was once again performed in a dance-oriented form on the Oops!... I Did It Again Tour (2000–2001), while on the Dream Within a Dream Tour (2001–2002), the performance featured Spears being captured by her dancers. "(You Drive Me) Crazy" was also performed on The Onyx Hotel Tour (2004). For the tour, the song was remixed with elements of latin percussion. "Crazy" would not be performed by Spears for another nine years until it was included on the setlist of her Las Vegas residency show, Britney: Piece of Me (2013–2017).
In 2002, British nu metal band SugarComa covered "(You Drive Me) Crazy" and included it on their album Becoming Something Else. American musician Richard Cheese also covered the song in 2003 and included it on his album Tuxicity. American pop band Selena Gomez & the Scene performed a homage to Spears during their 2011 We Own the Night Tour. They performed "(You Drive Me) Crazy" along with a medley of hits that included "...Baby One More Time", "Oops!... I Did It Again", "I'm a Slave 4 U", "Toxic" and "Hold It Against Me", mixed similar to the Chris Cox Megamix included in Greatest Hits: My Prerogative. In the 2012 Glee season 4 episode "Britney 2.0", the characters of Marley Rose (Melissa Benoist) and Jake Puckerman (Jacob Artist) performed a medley of the track with Aerosmith's "Crazy" (1993). Argentine singer Lali Espósito samples the word "stop!" from the Stop Remix! on her 2023 single "Obsessión" from her album Lali.
Track listings
- European CD single
- "(You Drive Me) Crazy" (The Stop Remix!) – 3:16
- "(You Drive Me) Crazy" (The Stop Remix! instrumental) – 3:16
- Australian and European CD maxi single
- "(You Drive Me) Crazy" (The Stop Remix!) – 3:16
- "(You Drive Me) Crazy" (The Stop Remix! instrumental) – 3:16
- "I'll Never Stop Loving You" – 3:41
- Japanese CD maxi single
- "(You Drive Me) Crazy" (The Stop Remix!) – 3:20
- "I'll Never Stop Loving You" – 3:44
- "...Baby One More Time" (Davidson Ospina Chronicles dub) – 6:34
- "Sometimes" (Soul Solution drum dub) – 3:32
- "(You Drive Me) Crazy" (The Stop Remix! instrumental) – 3:19
- "Sometimes" (Thunderpuss 2000 mix) – 8:03
- UK CD maxi single
- "(You Drive Me) Crazy" (The Stop Remix!) – 3:16
- "(You Drive Me) Crazy" (Spacedust dark dub) – 9:15
- "(You Drive Me) Crazy" (Spacedust club mix) – 7:20
- Cassette single
- "(You Drive Me) Crazy" (The Stop Remix!) – 3:16
- "I'll Never Stop Loving You" – 3:41
- 12" vinyl
- "(You Drive Me) Crazy" (The Stop Remix!) – 3:16
- "(You Drive Me) Crazy" (Jazzy Jim's hip-hop mix) – 3:40
- "(You Drive Me) Crazy" (LP version) – 3:17
- "(You Drive Me) Crazy" (Pimp Juice's Souled Out 4 Tha Suits vocal mix) – 6:30
- "(You Drive Me) Crazy" (Mike Ski dub) – 8:26
Credits and personnel
Credits for "(You Drive Me) Crazy" are taken from the single's liner notes.
Technical
- Recorded and mixed at Cheiron Studios in Stockholm, Sweden.
- Additional recording at Battery Studios in New York City, New York.
Personnel
- Britney Spears – lead vocals
- Jörgen Elofsson – songwriting
- David Kreuger – producer, keyboards, programming
- Per Magnusson – producer, keyboards
- Jeanette Söderholm – background vocals
- Esbjörn Öhrwall – guitar
- Johan Carlberg – guitar
- Thomas Lindberg – bass guitar
- Max Martin – mixing, background vocals, producer
- Rami Yacoub – background vocals
- The Fanchoir – background vocals
- Tom Coyne – audio mastering
Charts
Weekly charts
{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
|+
!scope="col"|Chart (1999–2000)
!scope="col"|Peak<br />position
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
!scope="row"|Canada CHR (Nielsen BDS)
| style="text-align:center"|2
|-
!scope="row"|Croatia International Airplay (HRT)
|1
|-
!scope="row"|Denmark (Tracklisten)
|9
|-
! scope="row"|El Salvador (Notimex)
|3
|-
!scope="row"|Europe (Eurochart Hot 100)
|2
|-
|-
|-
|-
! scope="row"|Guatemala (Notimex)
|2
|-
!scope="row"|Iceland (Íslenski Listinn Topp 40)
|1
|-
|-
!scope="row"|Italy (Musica e dischi)
|7
|-
!scope="row"|Japan International (Oricon)
|1
|-
|-
|-
|-
! scope="row"|Nicaragua (Notimex)
|align="center"|11
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|}
{|class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
|+
!Chart (2012)
!Peak<br />position
|-
|}
Year-end charts
{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
|+
!scope="col"|Chart (1999)
!scope="col"|Position
|-
!scope="row"|Australia (ARIA)
|41
|-
!scope="row"|Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)
|27
|-
!scope="row"|Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia)
|17
|-
!scope="row"|Canada Top Singles (RPM)
|44
|-
! scope="row"|Europe (Eurochart Hot 100)
|10
|-
! scope="row"|Europe (European Radio Top 100)
|45
|-
!scope="row"|France (SNEP)
|46
|-
!scope="row"|Germany (Media Control)
|43
|-
!scope="row"|Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)
|30
|-
!scope="row"|Netherlands (Single Top 100)
|38
|-
!scope="row"|New Zealand (RIANZ)
|21
|-
!scope="row"|Romania (Romanian Top 100)
|51
|-
!scope="row"|Sweden (Hitlistan)
|20
|-
!scope="row"|Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)
|36
|-
!scope="row"|UK Singles (OCC)
|71
|-
!scope="row"|US Mainstream Top 40 (Billboard)
|46
|-
!scope="row"|US Rhythmic Top 40 (Billboard)
|50
|}
{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
|+
!scope="col"|Chart (2000)
!scope="col"|Position
|-
!scope="row"|Europe (Eurochart Hot 100)
|69
|-
!scope="row"|France (SNEP)
|63
|-
!scope="row"|New Zealand (RIANZ)
|35
|-
!scope="row"|US Mainstream Top 40 (Billboard)
|74
|}
Certifications and sales
Release history
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|+ Release dates and formats for "(You Drive Me) Crazy"
! scope="col"| Region
! scope="col"| Date
! scope="col"| Format(s)
! scope="col"| Label(s)
! scope="col"|
|-
! scope="row"| United States
| August 24, 1999
|
| Jive
|
|-
! scope="row"| Germany
| September 13, 1999
| Maxi CD
| rowspan="2"| Rough Trade
|
|-
! scope="row"| United Kingdom
| September 20, 1999
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| United States
| September 28, 1999
| 12-inch vinyl
| Jive
|
|-
! scope="row"| Japan
| September 29, 1999
| Maxi CD
| Avex Trax
|
|-
! scope="row"| France
| November 16, 1999
| CD
| Jive
|
|}